Cary, John

Japanese: ケアリー（英語表記）Cary， John
Cary, John
[raw]?
[Died]1720?
English merchant and economist. He was initially involved in the sugar trade in the West Indies, but gradually became interested in economic theory. His economic ideas were based on mercantilism, and he advocated the promotion of British domestic industry, especially the woolen industry, and actively positioned the colonies as a supplier of raw materials and a market for finished products. From this perspective, he criticized the East India trade, which brought processed silk and calico to Britain at the time, as an obstacle to British consumption of woolen products, and argued for a ban on the export of raw wool from Britain and restrictions on the import of refined and processed wool. He also believed that relief for the domestic poor was necessary for the development of industry, and advocated the establishment of vocational schools and high wages. His main work is An Essay on the State of England in Relation to its Trade, its Poor and its Taxes (1695).

Cary
Cary, (Arthur) Joyce (Lunel)

Born: December 7, 1888 in Londonderry, Northern Ireland
[Died] March 29, 1957. Oxford British novelist. Graduated from Oxford University after attending Edinburgh School of Art. Wounded in Africa during World War I, he served as an administrator in Nigeria. From 1920, he settled in Oxford and devoted himself to writing. His representative trilogy, Herself Surprised (1941), To Be a Pilgrim (42), and The Horse's Mouth (44), are based on the conflict between a painter and those around him, while A Prisoner of Grace (52) and the following trilogy portray British society through the lives of politicians. Other works include the short story collection Spring Song (60) and the essay Art and Reality (58).

Cary
Carey, Matthew

Born: January 28, 1760 in Dublin
Died September 16, 1839, Philadelphia. American publisher and political commentator. Best known as an early commentator and advocate of the American national economic development policy. Father of HC Carey. He first worked in the printing industry, then edited a newspaper in Dublin. He was persecuted for his opposition to the British government's oppression of Irish Catholics, and fled to Paris, where he worked for B. Franklin and met M. La Fayette. In 1784, he traveled to America, and with La Fayette's help, he started a newspaper in Philadelphia. Around 1790, he switched to publishing and bookselling, publishing many European and American works and contributing to the growth of American literature. He also became a founder of the Philadelphia National Association for the Promotion of Industry, and advocated protectionism. The development of America's canals, highways, and railroads is largely due to his propaganda activities.

Cary
Carey, Henry Charles

Born December 15, 1793 in Philadelphia
Died October 13, 1879, Philadelphia. American economist and sociologist. Son of M. Carey, a famous publisher. He first worked in publishing (1817-1835), during which he studied metaphysics, psychology, sociology, etc. After retiring in 1835, he devoted his life to research and writing. His economic theory was characterized by the principle of cooperation, and based on this he advocated the harmonization of the interests of labor and management, and a balanced economy that harmonizes agriculture and industry. At first he adopted a classical stance, but after 1842 he switched to nationalism, advocated protectionism, and established the American system of economics. His main works are Principles of Political Economy (3 volumes, 37-40) and The Principles of Social Science (3 volumes, 58-60).

Cary
Carey, William

Born: August 17, 1761, Northamptonshire
Died: June 9, 1834. Serampur. A pastor at the British Baptist Church and an Orientalist. He was sent to India with Dr. J. Thomas and became a pioneer of modern missionary work in India (1793). He worked in Bengal, then settled in Serampur with his family, and carried out missionary work with J. Marshman and W. Ward, achieving brilliant success. While working as a missionary, he became a professor of Sanskrit, Bengali and Maratha at Fort William University, wrote grammar books and dictionaries (Sanscrit Grammar, Bengalee-English Dictionary), and translated the Bible into Bengali and other languages.

Cary
Carew, Thomas

Born 1594/1595. West Wycombe, Kent
[Died] March 1640, London. British poet. Also known as Carew. After graduating from Oxford University, he served in Italy as secretary to an ambassador, then accompanied Sir Herbert to Paris, where he served at the court of Charles I in 1630. As a royalist poet in the vein of B. Johnson, he excelled in love songs, but he was also fascinated by Donne's fantasy and wrote a memorial poem for him. Among his many songs and lyric poems, "A Rapture" is particularly famous.

Cary
Carey, Henry

[Born] 1687?
[Died] 1743
English poet, composer, and opera writer, whose works include the comic opera The Dragon of Wantley (1734).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]?
[没]1720?
イギリスの商人，経済学者。初め西インドの砂糖貿易に従事していたが，次第に経済理論に興味をもつようになった。その経済思想は重商主義の立場に立つもので，イギリス国内産業，とりわけ毛織物工業の振興を主張し，かつ植民地を積極的に原料供給地，製品市場と位置づけるものであった。こうした立場から彼は，当時イギリスに加工絹糸やキャラコをもたらしていた東インド貿易をイギリスの羊毛製品の消費を妨害するものとして批判し，イギリスからの羊毛原料の輸出の禁止，精製加工品の輸入の制限を主張した。また国内貧民の救済も産業興隆のために必要であるとし，授産場の設置や高賃金説を唱えた。主著『イギリス貿易論』 An Essay on the State of England in Relation to its Trade，its Poor and its Taxes (1695) 。

ケアリー
Cary， (Arthur) Joyce (Lunel)

[生]1888.12.7. 北アイルランド，ロンドンデリー
[没]1957.3.29. オックスフォード
イギリスの小説家。エディンバラ美術学校を経てオックスフォード大学卒業。第1次世界大戦中アフリカで負傷，その後施政官としてナイジェリアに勤務。 1920年からオックスフォードに定住して創作に専念。代表作の3部作，『自分でもびっくり』 Herself Surprised (1941) ，『巡礼となる』 To Be a Pilgrim (42) ，『馬の口』 The Horse's Mouth (44) は，ある画家とその周囲との対立をテーマとし，『恩寵の囚人』A Prisoner of Grace (52) 以下の次の3部作では政治家の生活を通してイギリス社会を描いた。ほかに，短編集『春の歌』 Spring Song (60) や評論『芸術と現実』 Art and Reality (58) など。

ケアリー
Carey， Mathew

[生]1760.1.28. ダブリン
[没]1839.9.16. フィラデルフィア
アメリカの出版業者，政治評論家。アメリカ国民経済開発政策初期の解説者，唱道者として最もよく知られる。 H.C.ケアリーの父。初め印刷業にたずさわったのちダブリンで新聞を編集，イギリス政府のアイルランド・カトリック教徒圧迫に反対したため迫害を受けてパリに逃れ，B.フランクリンのもとで働き，M.ラ・ファイエットを知った。 1784年アメリカに渡り，ラ・ファイエットの援助を得てフィラデルフィアで新聞を発行。 90年頃出版・書籍販売業に転じ，ヨーロッパ，アメリカの著作を多数出版してアメリカ文芸の成長に寄与した。また，フィラデルフィア全国産業促進協会の発起人となり，保護貿易論を主唱。アメリカの運河，高速道路，鉄道の発展は彼の宣伝活動に負うところが大きい。

ケアリー
Carey， Henry Charles

[生]1793.12.15. フィラデルフィア
[没]1879.10.13. フィラデルフィア
アメリカの経済学者，社会学者。著名な出版業者であった M.ケアリーの子。初め出版業に従事し (1817～35) ，その間に形而上学，心理学，社会学などを学び，1835年退職後はもっぱら研究と著述の生活をおくった。その経済理論は協力原理を特色としており，これに基づいて労使の利益調和論や農業，工業の調和のとれた均整経済論などを主張した。最初は古典派の立場をとっていたが，42年以降は国民主義派へと転じて保護貿易を唱え，アメリカ体制派経済学を確立した。主著『経済学原理』 Principles of Political Economy (3巻，37～40) ，『社会科学原理』 The Principles of Social Science (3巻，58～60) 。

ケアリー
Carey， William

[生]1761.8.17. ノーサンプトンシャー
[没]1834.6.9. セランプール
イギリスのバプテスト教会の牧師，東洋学者。インドに医師 J.トーマスとともに派遣されてインドにおける近代伝道活動のパイオニアとなった (1793) 。ベンガルで活動，次いでセランプールに家族とともに居住し，J.マーシュマン，W.ウォードとともに伝道活動を行い，輝かしい成功を収めた。伝道のかたわら，フォート・ウィリアム大学のサンスクリット語，ベンガル語，マラータ語の教授となり，文法書，辞書 (『サンスクリット語文法』 Sanscrit Grammar，『ベンガル語-英語辞典』 Bengalee-English Dictionary) を著作，また聖書をベンガル語その他に訳した。

ケアリー
Carew， Thomas

[生]1594/1595. ケント，ウェストウィカム
[没]1640.3. ロンドン
イギリスの詩人。カルーとも呼ばれる。オックスフォード大学卒業後，大使の秘書となってイタリアに滞在，のちハーバート卿に従ってパリへ行き，1630年チャールズ1世の宮廷に仕えた。 B.ジョンソンの流れをくむ王党派詩人として，ことに恋愛小曲に長じたが，またダンの奇想にも心を寄せ，彼の追悼詩を書いた。多くの歌謡や抒情詩のうちで『恍惚』A Raptureが特に有名。

ケアリー
Carey， Henry

[生]1687?
[没]1743
イギリスの詩人，作曲家，オペラ作家。作品は喜歌劇『ウォントリーの竜』 The Dragon of Wantley (1734) など。

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