Sraffa, Piero

Japanese: スラッファ（英語表記）Sraffa， Piero

Born: August 5, 1898 in Turin
Died: September 3, 1983. Italian economist from Cambridge. Graduated from the University of Turin in 1920, he served as professor of economics at the University of Perugia and the University of Cagliari. In 1925, he revised a paper he had published, The Laws of Returns under Competitive Conditions (1926), in which he criticized A. Marshall. Invited by JM Keynes, he became a fellow at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1927, and an honorary lecturer in 1963. During his tenure, he influenced the philosophy of economists such as Keynes, D. Robertson, J.V. Robinson, N. Kaldor, and M. Dobb, as well as L. Wittgenstein. His research has been highly evaluated in three aspects: (1) the theoretical revival of classical economics, symbolized by The Works and Correspondence of D.Ricardo (11 volumes, 1951-73), which he edited with the help of Dobb, (2) the elucidation of the overcoming of the difficulties inherent in the theories of value and distribution of Ricardo and K.Marx, and (3) the criticism of the marginal theory of neoclassical economics. His research left a significant mark on the reorganization of economic theory after the Cambridge Capital Controversy (→ Cambridge Revolution). He also became acquainted with the revolutionary A. Gramsci while studying at the University of Turin, and continued to support him after Gramsci was imprisoned. His book is Production of Commodities by means of Commodities (60).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1898.8.5. トリノ
[没]1983.9.3. ケンブリッジ
イタリアの経済学者。 1920年トリノ大学を卒業し，ペルージア大学，カリアリ大学経済学教授を歴任。 25年に発表した論文を修正した『競争的条件のもとにおける収益法則』 The laws of returns under competitive conditions (1926) で A.マーシャル批判を行う。 J.M.ケインズの招聘により 27年以降ケンブリッジ大学トリニティ・カレッジのフェロー，63年以降名誉講師。在職中，ケインズ，D.ロバートソン，J.V.ロビンソン，N.カルドア，M.ドッブらの経済学者はもとより，L.ウィトゲンシュタインの哲学にも影響を与えた。彼の研究は，(1) ドッブの協力を得て編集した『リカード全集』 The Works and Correspondence of D.Ricardo (11巻，1951～73) に象徴される古典派経済学の理論的復興，(2) リカードおよび K.マルクスの価値と分配の理論に含まれる困難の克服の解明，(3) 新古典派経済学の限界理論に対する批判，の3面で評価され，ケンブリッジ資本論争以後の経済理論の再編に大きな足跡を残した (→ケンブリッジ革命 ) 。また，トリノ大学在学中に革命家 A.グラムシと知合い，グラムシが投獄されて以降援助を続けた。著作『商品の商品による生産』 Production of Commodities by means of Commodities (60) がある。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

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