…When the coal seam is reached through a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft, tunnels are opened inside the mine to prepare for mining, and there are several different methods for this. (a) Surface Tunnel Method and Bedrock Tunnel Method The surface tunnel method involves digging the main tunnel into the coal seam. This makes it easy to build the face (mining site), requires little investment, and allows coal to be extracted immediately. However, because the tunnel is inside the coal seam, it is difficult to keep it stable, and various obstacles arise in transportation and ventilation (the process of supplying fresh air into the mine and expelling dirty air). … *Some of the terminology used in reference to the "side tunnel system" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 立坑や斜坑によって炭層に到達すると,坑内に坑道を展開して採炭の準備が行われるが,これにもいくつかの考え方がある。(a)沿層坑道方式と岩盤坑道方式 沿層坑道方式は石炭層の中に主要坑道を掘削して採掘を行う方式で,〈払い〉(切羽,採掘場のこと)作りが簡単で,そのための投資が少なくて済み,直ちに出炭ができる。しかし,坑道が石炭層の中にあるため,坑道を安定に維持することが困難で,運搬や通気(坑内に新鮮な空気を供給し,汚れた空気を排出する作業)に当たって,いろいろな障害が生ずる。… ※「沿層坑道方式」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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