Kuwagatai stone

Japanese: 鍬形石 - くわがたいし
Kuwagatai stone

A type of stone bracelet-shaped treasure made in the early Kofun period in Japan. At first glance, it resembles the tip of a hoe, a farming tool, so it was given this name in the Edo period, but it is misleading and not an appropriate name. The hoe-shaped stone is an imitation of a shell ring made from a processed Gohora shell, a snail found in the South Seas, using stones such as jasper and green tuff. It is thought to have been made by the early Kinki government and distributed to local chiefs as evidence of alliance or subordination. Therefore, it can be said to have the same characteristics as the wheel stone and stone bracelet, but its distribution is the narrowest of these, and it has been found in various kofun mainly in the Kinai region, from Ishikawa Prefecture, Gifu Prefecture, and Aichi Prefecture in the east, to Oita Prefecture in the west. The early hoe-shaped stones were made to closely resemble the shape of Gohora shell rings, but gradually they became more and more detached from the original shape, eventually becoming symmetrical and the same shape on both sides. They can be considered to have been made in the 4th century, along with the wheel stones.

[Sadayuki Watanabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

日本の古墳時代前期につくられた石製腕輪形宝器の一種。一見、農具の鍬の先に似ているところがあるため江戸時代にこの名がつけられたが、誤解を与えやすく、適切な名称ではない。鍬形石は、南海産の巻き貝であるゴホウラを加工してつくった貝輪を、碧玉(へきぎょく)、緑色凝灰岩などの石材を使って模造したもので、初期の近畿政権の手によって製作され、各地の首長に対し同盟ないし服属関係の証(あかし)として配布されたものと考えられる。したがって、車輪石や石釧(いしくしろ)と同様の性格をもったものといえるが、分布はこれらのなかではもっとも狭く、畿内(きない)を中心に東は石川県、岐阜県、愛知県にかけて、西は大分県までの諸古墳から発見されている。初期の鍬形石はゴホウラ製貝輪の形をかなり忠実に模してつくられているが、しだいに祖形から離れた形状となり、ついには左右対称、表裏同形のものへと変化した。車輪石とともにほぼ4世紀代につくられたものと考えてよい。

[渡辺貞幸]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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