A type of synthetic rubber. It is produced by emulsion polymerization using chloroprene as the raw material and a radical initiator such as potassium persulfate, and is made of polychloroprene containing 80% or more trans-1,4 bonds. Its abbreviation according to the ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standard is CR. There are sulfur-modified types, in which sulfur is added as a molecular weight regulator during polymerization, and non-sulfur-modified types, in which mercaptan is added. It is vulcanized with metal oxides such as magnesium oxide and zinc oxide (zinc oxide) to make rubber products. It has a long history, having been industrialized by DuPont in the United States in 1931, and is commonly known by the product name Neoprene. It is a semi-general purpose special rubber with properties that are difficult to obtain with general purpose rubbers such as natural rubber and SBR (styrene butadiene rubber). It has a high specific gravity because it contains chlorine, and is prone to crystallization due to the large number of trans-1,4 bonds. It has excellent mechanical properties such as rebound elasticity, weather resistance, ozone resistance, heat aging resistance, oil resistance, and chemical resistance, is flame retardant, and has strong adhesive strength when used as rubber paste. Applications include wire coating, oil-resistant hoses and belts, window seals, automotive and industrial molded parts, and adhesives. [Kazuyoshi Fukuda] [Reference item] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
合成ゴムの一種。クロロプレンを原料として過硫酸カリウムなどのラジカル開始剤を用いた乳化重合によって製造され、トランス-1,4結合80%以上を含むポリクロロプレンからなる。ASTM(アメリカ材料試験協会)の規格による略称はCR。重合のとき分子量調節剤として硫黄(いおう)を加える硫黄変性タイプとメルカプタンを加える非硫黄変性タイプがある。酸化マグネシウムや酸化亜鉛(亜鉛華)などの金属酸化物によって加硫し、ゴム製品とする。歴史的に古く、1931年にアメリカのデュポン社で工業化され、商品名ネオプレンが一般に知られている。天然ゴムやSBR(スチレン・ブタジエンゴム)などの汎用(はんよう)ゴムでは得がたい特性をもった準汎用特殊ゴムである。塩素を含むので比重が大きく、トランス-1,4結合が多いため結晶化しやすい。反発弾性などの機械的性質、耐候性、耐オゾン性、耐熱老化性、耐油性、耐薬品性などが優れ、難燃性であり、ゴム糊(のり)としたときの接着力が強い。電線被覆、耐油性のホースやベルト、窓ガラスのシール材、自動車や産業用の成型部品、および接着剤などの用途がある。 [福田和吉] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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