Cromer - Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer

Japanese: クローマー - くろーまー（英語表記）Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer

1841‐1917
British administrator. Her real name was Evelyn Baring. She was a member of the Baring family, a powerful financial and capitalist family. In the late 1870s, she went to Egypt, which was in a state of bankruptcy, and as financial inspector and representative of British creditors, she promoted interference in Egyptian finances and, ultimately, politics in general. In 1882, when Britain, which had sent troops to the Arabi movement, occupied Egypt alone, she returned to Egypt the following year as British representative and consul-general, and reigned as the de facto ruler until her retirement in 1907. She stabilized the national situation in Egypt through financial and administrative reforms, and worked hard to eliminate interference from the great powers, including the Ottoman Empire and France, which were its colonial rulers, while solidifying Egypt's subordination by restricting industrialization and promoting the monoculture of cotton cultivation.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1841‐1917
イギリスの行政官。本名Evelyn Baring。大金融資本家ベアリング一族の出身。1870年代末，破産状態にあったエジプトに赴き，財政監督官，イギリス債権者の代理人として，エジプト財政，ひいては政治全般に対する干渉を促進。82年，アラービー運動に出兵したイギリスがエジプトを単独軍事占領すると，翌83年，イギリス代表兼総領事としてエジプトに戻り，以後1907年の引退まで，事実上の支配者として君臨。財政･行政改革を通じてエジプトの国情を安定させ，宗主国たるオスマン帝国，フランスをはじめとする列強からの干渉を排除することに腐心する一方で，工業化の抑制，綿作モノカルチャー化の促進を通じてエジプトの従属を固定化した。

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