A river that flows through eastern Toyama Prefecture. It is 85 km long and has a drainage area of 682 square km. It is a first-class river. It originates between Mt. Washiba (2,924 m) and Mt. Jiidake (2,825 m) in the central Northern Alps, and after bypassing the lava plateau of Kumonodaira and merging with Yakushizawa, it becomes a canyon. It merges with Iwagokekodani on the right bank, and between Mt. Yakushi and Mt. Akaushi, it becomes "Kaminorouka", and downstream, where it merges with the straight-line Higashizawadani on the right bank, it becomes slightly wider, and just below Mt. Tateyama, it merges with Miyamadani and Gozenzawa on the left bank. Kurobe Dam is located nearby, and it becomes Lake Kurobe. Downstream from Kurobe Dam, the Kuranosukezawa and Betsuyamazawa join together from the Tateyama side, where the river narrows even further and forms the Shimo-Rouka. The tributaries of the Kurobe River all fall as waterfalls in this corridor area and join together. In particular, at Jujikyo Gorge, the Tsurugisawa and Bogoyazawa join the main stream as waterfalls in a cross shape. Further downstream on the right bank, the river joins with major tributaries of the Kurobe River, such as the Babadani and Kuronagi Rivers, and reaches the Unazuki district of Kurobe City, where it forms a typical large alluvial fan with its apex at Aimoto in the same area, before flowing into the Sea of Japan. The development of power sources for the Kurobe River began in the latter half of the Taisho period, due to the abundance of water, the steep riverbed gradient, and the high head of the river. Since the Yanagigawara Power Station (Kurobe River No. 1, 54,000 kilowatts) was constructed downstream in 1924 (Taisho 13), the Kurobe River No. 2 (72,000 kilowatts) was completed upstream at Nekomata, the Kurobe River No. 3 (81,000 kilowatts) at Keyakidaira, and the Kurobe River No. 4 (underground, 335,000 kilowatts) further upstream. At the same time, the Shin Kurobe River No. 3 (105,000 kilowatts) and Shin Kurobe River No. 2 (underground, 74,000 kilowatts) were completed in Keyakidaira and Nekomata, respectively, and electricity is being transmitted to the Keihanshin area. In addition, the Aimoto Power Station (31,000 kilowatts) is located downstream of Unazuki Onsen, and there are six low-head power stations (belonging to Hokuriku Electric Power) in the plains that utilize the terrace cliffs. The Otozawa Power Station (124,000 kilowatts) was completed in October 1985, and the Unazuki Power Station (20,000 kilowatts) in May 2000. The combined maximum generating capacity was 925,900 kilowatts. [Saburo Fukai] "Traveling Kurobe and its Mountains" by Saburo Fukai (1968, Kokin Shoin)" ▽ "The Water of Toyama" by Saburo Fukai (1985, Kitanippon Shimbun) [References] | | |An artificial lake created by the construction of Kurobe Dam. Its area is approximately 349 m. It is part of the Chubu Sangaku National Park and is one of the main tourist attractions in Kurobe Gorge. Pleasure boats operate on the lake, allowing visitors to enjoy the magnificent nature of the Northern Alps from the lake. Tateyama Town, Nakaniikawa District, Toyama Prefecture © KEPCO Amenics "> Lake Kurobe A hydroelectric dam located upstream on the Kurobe River. It was completed in 1963 after difficult construction work that claimed many lives. During construction, it was called "Kurobe 4 Dam" because it was the dam for the Kurobe River No. 4 Power Station. It is an arch dome dam with a dam length of 492m, a dam height of 186m (the longest in Japan), and a water storage capacity of approximately 200 million tons. It is part of the Chubu Sangaku National Park. Tateyama Town, Nakaniikawa District, Toyama Prefecture © KEPCO Amenics "> Kurobe Dam Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
富山県東部を流れる川。延長85キロメートル、流域面積682平方キロメートル。一級河川。北アルプス中央部の鷲羽(わしば)岳(2924メートル)と祖父(じい)岳(2825メートル)との間に源を発し、雲ノ平(くものたいら)の溶岩台地を迂回(うかい)して薬師(やくし)沢をあわせたあと峡谷状となる。右岸から岩苔(いわごけ)小谷をあわせ、薬師岳と赤牛岳との間では「上廊下(かみのろうか)」となり、右岸から直線状の東沢谷をあわせた下流で川幅をやや広くし、立山(たてやま)直下で左岸に御山谷、御前(ごぜん)沢をあわせる。この付近に黒部ダムがあり、黒部湖となっている。黒部ダム下流では、立山側より内蔵ノ助(くらのすけ)沢、別山沢をあわせるが、川幅がいっそう狭くなって「下廊下(しものろうか)」となる。黒部川の支流は、この廊下地帯でいずれも滝となって落下し、合流する。ことに十字峡では、剱(つるぎ)沢と棒小屋(ぼうごや)沢が本流と十字形に滝となって、合流している。これより下流右岸で祖母谷(ばばだに)、黒薙(くろなぎ)川などの黒部川の大支流をあわせて黒部市宇奈月(うなづき)地区に至り、同地区愛本(あいもと)を頂点に典型的な大扇状地を形成して、日本海に注ぐ。 黒部川の電源開発は、水量が豊富で、河床勾配(こうばい)が大きく高落差に恵まれているため、大正末年から調査され、下流から1924年(大正13)柳河原(やなぎがわら)発電所(黒部川第一、5.4万キロワット)が建設されて以来、上流の猫又(ねこまた)に黒部川第二(7.2万キロワット)、欅平(けやきだいら)に黒部川第三(8.1万キロワット)、さらに上流で黒部川第四(地下、33.5万キロワット)が完成。それと同時に、欅平で新黒部川第三(10.5万キロワット)、猫又で新黒部川第二(地下、7.4万キロワット)の各発電所が相次いで完成し、京阪神へ送電されている。また、宇奈月温泉下流に愛本発電所(3.1万キロワット)があり、平野部に段丘崖(がい)を利用した低落差の6発電所(北陸電力所属)がある。音沢発電所(12.4万キロワット)が1985年10月、宇奈月発電所(2万キロワット)が2000年(平成12)5月完成。全体で最大発電量92.59万キロワットとなった。 [深井三郎] 『深井三郎著『黒部とその山々をゆく』(1968・古今書院)』▽『深井三郎著『とやまの水』(1985・北日本新聞社)』 [参照項目] | | |黒部ダムの建設によってできた人造湖。面積約349m。中部山岳国立公園の一部で、黒部峡谷観光の中心の一つとなっている。湖内では遊覧船が運航され、湖上から北アルプスの雄大な自然を堪能することができる。富山県中新川郡立山町©関電アメニックス"> 黒部湖 黒部川上流にある発電用ダム。多くの犠牲者を出す難工事を経て1963年(昭和38)に完成した。建設中は黒部川第四発電所のダムであることから「黒四ダム」とよばれていた。アーチ式ドームダムで、堤長492m、堤高186m(国内第1位)、貯水量約2億t。中部山岳国立公園の一部。富山県中新川郡立山町©関電アメニックス"> 黒部ダム 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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