Born November 1, 1871 in Newark, New Jersey. Died: June 5, 1900. Badenweiler, Germany. American novelist. Born to a Methodist minister, he was the youngest of 14 children. He rebelled against the strict religious atmosphere of his home at an early age, and this rebellious spirit remained throughout his life. He was fond of writing from an early age, and began writing short stories at the age of eight. While studying at Syracuse University, he wrote the first draft of his debut novel, Maggie: A Girl of the Streets, which depicts a prostitute in the slums of New York City, under the influence of Flaubert and Zola. After dropping out, he rewrote it and self-published it in 1893. He continued to write sketch-like short stories, and gained international fame with The Red Badge of Courage (1895), a novel depicting the psychology of a soldier in the Civil War. In 1897, he attempted to infiltrate Cuba to report on the Cuban Revolution, but the ship he was on was wrecked, and this experience resulted in the short story The Open Boat (1897). In the same year, he married Cora Taylor, who ran a brothel, went to Greece to cover the Greco-Turkish War, and in 1898 he served again in Cuba to cover the Spanish-American War, after which he settled in England, where he died young of tuberculosis and malaria at the age of 28. His other works include the novella George's Mother (1996), the collection of short stories The Monster and Other Stories (1999), and the poetry collection The Black Riders (1995). crane |
[生]1871.11.1. ニュージャージー,ニューアーク [没]1900.6.5. ドイツ,バーデンワイラー アメリカの小説家。メソジスト派牧師を父に 14人兄弟の末子として生れた。家庭のきびしい宗教的雰囲気に早くから反抗し,その反骨精神は生涯を通じて残った。早くから文筆に親しみ,8歳で短編を書きはじめ,シラキューズ大学在学中にフローベールやゾラの影響下にニューヨークのスラム街の売春婦を描いた処女作『街の女マギー』 Maggie: A Girl of the Streetsの最初の稿を書上げ,中退後書直して 1893年自費出版した。その後スケッチ風の短編を書き継ぎ,南北戦争における一兵士の心理を描いた小説『赤い勲章』 The Red Badge of Courage (1895) で国際的な名声を得た。 97年キューバ革命報道のため潜入を企てたが乗込んだ船が難破,その経験は短編『オープン・ボート』 The Open Boat (97) に結実した。同年売春宿を経営していたコーラ・テーラーと結婚,ギリシア=トルコ戦争取材のためギリシアにおもむき,98年にはアメリカ=スペイン戦争報道のためキューバに再び従軍,その後はイギリスに定住したが,結核とマラリアのため 28歳で早世した。ほかに,中編『ジョージの母』 George's Mother (96) ,短編集『怪物ほか2編』 The Monster and Other Stories (99) ,詩集『黒い騎手』 The Black Riders (95) など。 クレーン
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