Belly wrap - Harakake

It covers the front of the body from the chest to the stomach, and is a type of workwear worn mainly by craftsmen. In the Kansai region, it is called hara-ate. It has been used since the late Edo period, and was worn on bare skin or over a shirt. Until the beginning of the Showa period, a hanten (half-coat) was worn over the hara-kake, and thigh-length pants underneath could be considered a craftsman's uniform. It was widely worn by craftsmen such as carpenters, plasterers, scaffolders, and gardeners, as well as merchants selling sake, rice, soy sauce, and fish.

Narrow side cloths are attached to both sides of the center front of the body, and the matching strings attached to both shoulders cross at the back and fasten at the back sides. A full-width pocket is attached to the abdomen for storing things, and is called a "donburi." According to the Morisadamanko, a journal of customs from the late Edo period, this style was used in Edo, while in Kyoto and Osaka, the thin string attached on the chest was worn around the neck, and the string attached to the end of the wide side cloth was tied at the back. Other styles included the cylindrical "sumitori" (whole body wrap) and the "sumitori" (corner-cut) "sumitori" (whole body wrap) (a diamond-shaped top part is folded to make a string hole, which is worn around the neck, and the strings at both corners are tied at the back). The material is usually blind striped on the front and light blue cotton on the back.

Additionally, abdominal wraps, which were highly valued for preventing children from catching a cold while sleeping, were in the form of a corner-cut abdominal wrap, also known as Kintaro, and were widely used from the early Edo period until recently.

[Kazuko Okano]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

胸から腹にかけて前身を覆うもので、おもに職人の労働着の一種。関西では腹当てという。江戸後期から用いられ、素肌に着たり、シャツの上に着たりした。昭和の初めまで、腹掛けの上に半纏(はんてん)を着、下にももひきをはく姿が、職人の制服ともいえるものであった。大工、左官、鳶(とび)職、庭師などの職人や、酒、米、しょうゆ、魚などを商う商人に広く用いられた。

　前中央の身頃(みごろ)の両脇(わき)に幅の狭い脇布をつけ、両肩につけた共紐(ひも)を背で交差させて後ろ脇で留める。腹部に幅いっぱいのポケットが物入れとしてついており、これを「どんぶり」と称した。江戸末期の風俗志『守貞漫稿(もりさだまんこう)』によると、この形式は江戸で用いられ、京坂では胸の上についた細紐を首に掛け、幅広の脇布の端についた紐を後ろで結ぶ形であった。ほかに筒形のすっぽり腹掛けや、隅取(すみとり)腹掛け（菱(ひし)形の上部を折って紐通しをつけ、これを首に掛け、両角の紐を後ろで結ぶもの）があった。材料は表に盲縞(めくらじま)、裏は浅葱(あさぎ)木綿を用いるのが普通である。

　また、小児用の寝冷え知らずとして重宝(ちょうほう)された腹掛けは、隅取腹掛けの形式で、金太郎ともいわれて、江戸初期から最近まで多く用いられた。

［岡野和子］

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