Weizsäcker, Richard von

Japanese: ワイツゼッカー（英語表記）Weizsäcker, Richard von

Born: April 15, 1920, Stuttgart
[Died] January 31, 2015. German politician. President (in office 1984-94). Born into a distinguished baronial family. His father was a diplomat, and his brother was Karl F. Weizsäcker, a world-renowned atomic physicist and philosopher. After briefly studying at Oxford University in England and Grenoble University in France, he joined the German army in 1938 during World War II. Later, as an officer, he participated in an attempt to assassinate Adolf Hitler, and was pursued by the secret police. After the war, he studied at the University of Göttingen from 1945 to 1949, and obtained a doctorate in law. After working as a lawyer and in the business world in the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), he was elected president of the Protestant Church Council in 1964 and entered politics. He was a member of the Bundestag of the Christian Democratic Union from 1969 to 1981, and vice president from 1979 to 1981. He worked as mayor of West Berlin from 1981 to 1984, working to improve relations between East and West Germany. In 1984, he became the sixth president of West Germany. He was re-elected in 1989. In October 1990, he became the first president of a unified Germany, and retired at the end of his term in 1994. He is known for his ethical statements based on history, and in a speech commemorating the 40th anniversary of the end of the war in May 1985, he said, "Those who close their eyes to the past are blind to the present," and urged the German people to face up to their past war responsibility and take responsibility for it. In November 1992, he also gave a speech at an anti-racism rally condemning far-right attacks on foreigners.

Weizsäcker
Weizsäcker, Viktor Freiherr von

Born: April 21, 1886 in Stuttgart
Died January 9, 1957, Heidelberg. German physician and theologian. Professor of psychiatry at the University of Heidelberg in 1923, and professor at the University of Breslau in 1941. As both a physician and a doctor of theology, he advocated treating patients not simply as objects but as persons, paving the way for psychosomatic medicine.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1920.4.15. シュツットガルト
[没]2015.1.31. ベルリン
ドイツの政治家。大統領（在任 1984～94）。男爵家の名門に生まれる。父は外交官，兄は世界的な原子物理学者で哲学者のカール・F.ワイツゼッカー。イギリスのオックスフォード大学，フランスのグルノーブル大学で短期間学んだのち，第2次世界大戦中の 1938年にドイツ軍に入隊。のち，将校としてアドルフ・ヒトラー暗殺未遂事件に加わり，秘密警察に追われた。戦後の 1945～49年ゲッティンゲン大学で学び，法学博士号を取得。ドイツ連邦共和国（西ドイツ）で弁護士として，また経済界で活躍したのち，1964年プロテスタント教会会議議長に選出され政界に入る。1969～81年キリスト教民主同盟の連邦議会議員。1979～81年副議長。1981～84年西ベルリン市長として東西両ドイツの関係改善に努めた。1984年西ドイツ第6代大統領就任。1989年再選。1990年10月初代統一ドイツ大統領に就任し，1994年任期満了により退任。歴史をふまえた倫理的発言で知られ，1985年5月の終戦 40周年記念演説で「過去に目を閉ざす者は現在に対しても盲目となる」と述べ，ドイツ国民に過去の戦争責任を正視し，その責任を引き受けるよう説いた。また 1992年11月，人種差別に反対する集会では極右による外国人攻撃を非難する演説を行なった。

ワイツゼッカー
Weizsäcker, Viktor Freiherr von

[生]1886.4.21. シュツットガルト
[没]1957.1.9. ハイデルベルク
ドイツの医学者，神学者。1923年ハイデルベルク大学精神医学教授，1941年ブレスラウ大学教授。医学者であるとともに神学博士でもあり，患者を単に客体としてではなく人格として取り扱うべきであると説き，精神身体医学への道を開いた。

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