A germicidal disinfectant. It is a mixture of three isomers, ortho-, meta-, and para-, and is obtained from coal tar, but is now produced by distillation of petroleum decomposition products or by chemical synthesis. It is a clear colorless or yellow or yellowish brown liquid with a phenol-like odor. It is poorly soluble in water, so it is mixed with soap and used for disinfection as cresol soap solution. Its germicidal power is slightly stronger than that of phenol, but its toxicity is slightly weaker. Cresol, cresol soap solution, and cresol water are listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. [Fumiji Koho] Cresol soap solutionThe recipe is to mix 500ml of cresol, 300ml of vegetable oil, 50ml of ethanol (ethyl alcohol), 63g of potassium hydroxide, and an appropriate amount of regular water to make a total of 1L. The vegetable oil and ethanol are heated in advance, and then added to a solution of potassium hydroxide dissolved in regular water. The mixture is heated to saponify the soap, to which cresol is then added. It is a yellowish-brown or reddish-brown viscous liquid with a distinctive odor that mixes well with water, ethanol, and glycerin. In the past, a 1-3% aqueous solution was often used to disinfect hands, but since antiseptic soaps and other odorless solutions with strong bactericidal properties have been developed, it is not used much these days, and only a 5-10% solution is used to disinfect the excrement of infectious disease patients and a 3-5% solution is used to disinfect instruments. This 3% aqueous solution is cresol water. [Fumiji Koho] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
殺菌消毒剤。オルト、メタ、パラの3異性体の混合物で、石炭タールから得られるが、現在は石油分解物の蒸留による方法や化学的合成によってつくられる。無色または黄色ないし黄褐色の澄明な液で、フェノールのようなにおいがある。水に溶けにくいのでせっけんと混和し、クレゾールせっけん液として消毒に用いられる。殺菌力はフェノールよりやや強く、毒性はやや弱い。日本薬局方にはクレゾール、クレゾールせっけん液、クレゾール水が収載されている。 [幸保文治] クレゾールせっけん液処方はクレゾール500ミリリットル、植物油300ミリリットル、エタノール(エチルアルコール)50ミリリットル、水酸化カリウム63グラム、常水適量を加え、全量を1リットルとする。あらかじめ植物油とエタノールを加温しておき、水酸化カリウムを常水に溶かした液に加え、加熱してけん化しせっけんをつくり、これにクレゾールを加えて製したものである。黄褐色ないし赤褐色の粘性の液で特異なにおいがあり、水、エタノール、グリセリンとよく混ざる。かつては手指の消毒に1~3%の水溶液がよく用いられたが、逆性せっけんなどの、殺菌力が強くにおいのないものが開発されたため、現在はあまり使用されず、伝染病患者の排泄(はいせつ)物の消毒に5~10%液が、また器具の消毒に3~5%液が用いられるにすぎない。なお、この3%水溶液がクレゾール水である。 [幸保文治] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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