Wu Jian

Japanese: 呉建 - くれけん

Born: October 27, 1883, Tokyo
[Died] June 27, 1940. Tokyo scientist. Nephew of Kure Shuzo, the eldest son of Kure Bunsang, the founder of statistics in Japan. Graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Tokyo Imperial University in 1907. Renowned for his research on cardiac clinical practice and cardiac function, he studied abroad in Germany and Austria. In 1919, he became an associate professor at the University of Tokyo, a professor at Kyushu University, and a professor at the University of Tokyo, where he headed the Kure Department of Internal Medicine. In 1931, he published "On the Spinal Parasympathetic Nerves," revealing that the dorsal root of the spinal cord contains many efferent fibers, and showing that these are parasympathetic nerves emanating from nerve cells in the spinal cord. He also presented his own unique view that the function of the spinal parasympathetic nerves is to act as dilators on general blood vessels, but to act as constrictors on pulmonary blood vessels. On the other hand, he also argued that there are cerebrospinal nerves and autonomic nerves in the innervation of voluntary muscles. In 1931, he presented his opinion in Europe and the United States, receiving a great response and support. After returning to Japan, he devoted himself to research, but died suddenly of heart disease a few years later. His hobby of oil painting was also a regular at the Nitten Exhibition.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1883.10.27. 東京
[没]1940.6.27. 東京
内科学者。日本の統計学の創始者呉文聡の長男呉秀三の甥。 1907年，東京帝国大学医科大学卒業。心臓の臨床と心臓機能の研究で早くから有名で，ドイツとオーストリアに留学。 19年，東京大学助教授，九州大学教授を経て東京大学教授となり，呉内科を主宰。 31年に『脊髄副交感神経について』を出版，脊髄の後根に遠心性線維が多数含まれていることを明らかにして，それが脊髄にある神経細胞から出た副交感神経であることを示した。また，脊髄副交感神経の機能として，一般の血管には拡張的に作用するが，肺の血管には収縮的に作用するなど，独自の見解を示した。一方，随意筋の神経支配についても脳脊髄神経性のものと自律神経性のものがあることを主張。 31年，その意見を欧米各国で発表して反響と支持を得た。帰国後ますます研究に没頭したが，数年後，心臓病で急死した。余技の油絵も日展の常連であった。

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