Abe clan - Abeuji

An ancient powerful clan. Also written as Abe. In the "Nihon Shoki," the clan is said to have been founded by Emperor Kōgen's son, Prince Ohiko, but in the "Kojiki," it is said to have been founded by Takenu-nakawawake, the son of Emperor Kōgen. In the 10th year of the reign of Emperor Sujin, Ohiko was dispatched to Hokuriku and Takenu-nakawawake to Tokai, and in the 2nd year of the reign of Emperor Sushun, Abe no Omi was sent to the Hokuriku road to inspect the borders of Koshi and other areas. In addition, the Hasetsukabe clan, whose chief priest was a member of the Abe clan, were widely distributed in the eastern and Hokuriku regions, so it appears that the clan was closely related to the management of the eastern and Hokuriku regions. In addition, due to the clans related to offering food to the deceased and traditions, it is known that they participated in the Niiname (a ritual to celebrate the birth of a newborn baby), which later evolved into the Daijosai (a festival to celebrate the birth of a newborn baby), and in the rites of submission. After the Senka era, they participated in politics as Maetsukimi (maetsukimi) under Minister Soga, and Abe no Kurahashimaro became Minister of the Left during the Taika Reforms. In 684 (the 13th year of Emperor Tenmu's reign), they were given the surname Ason (kabane). They are divided into several families, including the Fuse, Hiketa, Kosobe, and Koma. The famous Abe Hirafu was from the Hiketa clan, and the Abe clan, a group of Onmyo-ke (a method of Yin-Yang) in the Heian period, is said to descend from the Fuse clan.

[Junichi Shida]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

古代の豪族。安倍とも書く。『日本書紀』では孝元天皇(こうげんてんのう)の皇子大彦命(おおひこのみこと)を祖とするが、『古事記』では大彦命の子建沼河別命(たけぬなかわわけのみこと)を祖としている。崇神天皇(すじんてんのう)10年に大彦命を北陸に、武渟川別(たけぬなかわわけ)を東海に派遣したり、崇峻天皇(すしゅんてんのう)2年に阿倍臣(あべのおみ)を北陸道にやって越(こし)などの国境をみさせたこと、阿倍氏を伴造(とものみやつこ)とする丈部(はせつかべ)が東国、北陸に多く分布することからみると東国、北陸の経営と関係深い氏族のようである。また同族に供膳(きょうぜん)と関連のある氏族をもつことや伝承などから、後の大嘗祭(だいじょうさい)に移行した新嘗(にいなめ)、服属儀礼に従事したことが知られる。宣化朝(せんかちょう)以降、蘇我大臣(そがのおおおみ)のもとで大夫(まえつきみ)として政治に参加し、大化改新のときに阿倍倉梯麻呂(あべのくらはしまろ)は左大臣となっている。684年（天武天皇13）に朝臣(あそん)の姓(かばね)を賜った。布勢(ふせ)、引田(ひけた)、許曽倍(こそべ)、狛(こま)などのいくつかの家に分かれる。有名な阿倍比羅夫(ひらふ)は引田氏系の人物であり、平安時代の陰陽家(おんみょうけ)の阿倍氏は布勢氏の流れをくむといわれる。

［志田諄一］

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