Apart from feature films set in Africa and documentaries about Africa (both of which were shot by white people), there were no "true African films" until the 1960s. "True African films" are "films by black Africans, for black Africans" (Jean Rouch), that is, "feature films written, performed, filmed, directed, and spoken in African languages exclusively by black people" (Georges Sadoul). Around 1960, newly emerging African countries that had begun to gain independence after escaping the colonial era began to produce films to boost national prestige and for economic and educational purposes, but they lacked the equipment, personnel, and screening organizations, and there was also the problem of language (there were many dialects and most languages were mutually unintelligible), so the film industry was small in scale and tended to be slow to develop. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
アフリカを舞台にした劇映画やアフリカの記録映画(いずれも白人によって撮られたもの)を別にすれば,1960年代に入るまで〈真のアフリカ映画〉は存在しなかった。〈真のアフリカ映画〉とは,〈アフリカ黒人によるアフリカ黒人のためのアフリカ黒人の映画〉(ジャン・ルーシュ),すなわち〈黒人たちだけが脚本を書き,出演し,撮影し,演出し,アフリカ語を話す長編劇映画〉(ジョルジュ・サドゥール)のことである。60年を中心に植民地時代を脱して独立しはじめたアフリカ新興国が,国威発揚と経済的および教育的目的のために映画製作に乗り出したが,機材も人材も上映組織もないうえに言語の問題(方言が多く,ほとんどのことばが相互に通じないこと)もあり,映画の産業化は規模も小さく遅れがちだった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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