Kumamoto Plain - Kumamoto Heiya

Japanese: 熊本平野 - くまもとへいや
Kumamoto Plain - Kumamoto Heiya

A plain located almost in the center of Kyushu. In terms of topography, the Kumamoto Plain in the narrow sense is centered on the Kumamoto Lowland, but in the broad sense it also includes the Kikuchi Plain (Tamana Plain), Kikuka Basin (Kikuchi Basin), and the adjacent Higo Plateau in the north, as well as the Yatsushiro Plain in the south. With an area of ​​approximately 775 square kilometers, the Kumamoto Plain, Kyushu's second largest, refers only to the Kumamoto Lowland, which is made up of alluvial deposits, and the Higo Plateau, which is made up of terrace gravel layers. Over 42% of the population of Kumamoto Prefecture lives here, and it is the center of industry, culture, and administration. The northern half of the Kumamoto lowlands was formed by river deposits such as the Shirakawa, Iserigawa, and Tsuboigawa rivers, while the southern half was formed by river deposits such as the Midorikawa, Kasegawa, and Hamadogawa rivers, and each has had reclaimed land since the 18th century. There are abundant springs on the border with the Higo Plateau to the north and east, and artesian springs can be seen in various places all the way to the coast, some of which are used as water sources for the water supply system, as well as for various purposes such as rice paddies, flowers, and aquaculture. On the other hand, the Higo Plateau, which was formed by covering it with sediments originating from the Aso volcano, is dotted with small hills of Mesozoic Cretaceous rocks, such as Mureyama, Toshimayama, and Kozonoyama, probably due to the difference in sedimentary environment, and the plateau is roughly divided into three levels of around 10 meters, 40 meters, and 100 meters above sea level. The surface of each level is black loam and red soil, and before the widespread use of deep groundwater pumping, it was a mulberry and miscellaneous grain area, but now it is used for a variety of combinations of horticulture for rice, watermelons, and melons, and livestock such as dairy cows, beef cattle, pigs, and chickens. However, the concentration of population in Kumamoto City and its surrounding areas continues unabated, and with the area designated under the Law for Promoting the Development of High-Tech Industrial Cluster Areas (1983-1998), it is the plateau in the prefecture where farmland destruction (due to residential development and industrialization) is most advanced.

[Yamaguchi Morito]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

九州のほぼ中央にある平野。地形区分では、狭義の熊本平野である熊本低地を中心に、広義の場合に加える北の菊池平野(玉名平野)、菊鹿盆地(きくかぼんち)(菊池盆地)、隣接の肥後台地(ひごだいち)のほかに、南の八代平野(やつしろへいや)も含める。面積約775平方キロメートル、九州第二の熊本平野と称する場合には、沖積層からなる熊本低地と、段丘礫(れき)層からなる肥後台地とに限る。熊本県人口の42%強が居住し、産業、文化、行政の中心地となっている。熊本低地の北半は白川、井芹川(いせりがわ)、坪井川などの、南半は緑川、加勢川(かせがわ)、浜戸川(はまどがわ)などの河川堆積(たいせき)物によって形成されたもので、それぞれの地先に18世紀以降の干拓地を伴っている。北から東の肥後台地との境界部には豊富な湧泉(ゆうせん)があるほか、海岸に至るまで各所に自噴泉がみられ、一部は上水道水源に利用されているほか、水田、花卉(かき)、養殖など多目的に活用されている。他方、阿蘇(あそ)火山起源の堆積物が覆って形成された肥後台地には、堆積環境の異なりからか、群(むれ)山、戸島(としま)山、神園(こうぞの)山などに代表される中生代白亜紀岩質の小山が点在しているほか、台地面も大まかに標高10メートル前後、40メートル前後、100メートル前後の3段に分かれている。いずれの表層も黒色ローム、赤土で、深層地下水の揚水が普及するまでは桑園・雑穀地帯であったが、現在は水稲、スイカ、メロンの施設園芸、乳牛、肉牛、ブタ、ニワトリなどの畜産が多様な組合せで行われている。しかし、熊本市ならびにその周辺地域への人口集中が衰えないうえ、高度技術工業集積地域開発促進法(1983~1998年)による地域指定も加わって、県下ではもっとも農地潰廃(かいはい)(宅地化・工業化による)の進行している台地となっている。

[山口守人]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Bear willow - Bear willow

>>:  Kumamoto Band - Kumamoto Band

Recommend

jelly - hot food

〘noun〙① A soup made by boiling vegetables and fish...

Tokushima Domain

A clan that held both Awa (Tokushima Prefecture) ...

Accounting machine - kaikeikikai

A machine that mechanically records entries in acc...

Parish

…In Japan, the word “kyochi” (diocese) is used as...

mizzle

...It consists mainly of raindrops with a diamete...

Recorder - recorder (English spelling)

A type of aerophone that does not use a reed. It ...

Ciliata

...The most well-known are the malaria parasite P...

Shikahoyo - Four memorial services

A part of a Buddhist ceremony. It consists of four...

Sarkadi I (English spelling)

...However, this was the era of Rákosi's pers...

Mining and manufacturing statistics

These statistics are aimed at mining and manufactu...

Tale of the Open-air Court - Tale of the Open-air Court

A kana zoshi (traditional Japanese story). Author ...

Warm infusion method - Onshinho

...This method has been used for a long time, in ...

Knights - Kishidan

〘Noun〙 = knightly order (knightly order) Source: T...

Franz

[1] (Franz II) II. The last emperor of the Holy Ro...

Incus bone - Incus takotsu

… In mammals, the secondary palate is completed i...