Documentary Theatre - kirokuengeki (English: documentary theatre)

Japanese: 記録演劇 - きろくえんげき(英語表記)dokumentarisches Theater; documentary theatre
Documentary Theatre - kirokuengeki (English: documentary theatre)
This type of theater began in Germany in the 1960s. It is similar to historical and political dramas in that it uses actual events as material, but documentary theater aims to present the facts of social and political events to the audience and ask them to make their own historical judgments. Representative works of documentary theater include R. Hochhuth's "Vicar of God" (1963), which denounces the Pope's attitude toward the Nazi genocide of the Jews, H. Kiphardt's "The Robert Oppenheimer Affair" (1964), which depicts the atomic bomb and the conscience of scientists, and P. Weiss's "The Pursuit" (1965), which deals with the Auschwitz massacre, all premiered in Berlin under the direction of E. Piskattle. In the United States, works such as Lee Harvey Oswald (1966) by M. Hastings, which deals with the assassination of President Kennedy, and The Trial of the Catonsville Nine (1971), written by Father D. Berrigan, a defendant in the draft office raid case, can be considered attempts at documentary drama.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
1960年代,ドイツに始まった演劇。実際に起こった事件を素材とする点に歴史劇や政治劇との類似がみられるが,記録演劇では社会的,政治的事件の諸事実を観客に提示し,観客みずからの歴史的判断を求めることを意図している。ナチスのユダヤ人虐殺に際してのローマ教皇の態度を告発した R.ホーホフートの『神の代理人』 (1963) ,原爆と科学者の良心の問題を描いた H.キップハルト作『ロバート・オッペンハイマー事件』 (1964) ,アウシュウィッツの虐殺を扱った P.ワイス作『追究』 (1965) など,いずれも E.ピスカートルの演出によってベルリンで初演された記録演劇の代表的作品である。アメリカでも,ケネディ大統領の暗殺を扱った M.ヘースティングズの『リー・ハーベイ・オズワルド』 (1966) ,徴兵事務所を襲った事件の被告である D.ベリガン神父がみずから書いた『ケイトンズビルの9人の裁判』 (1971) などは,記録演劇への試みであるといえる。

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