Knipping - Erwin Knipping

Japanese: クニッピング - くにっぴんぐ(英語表記)Erwin Knipping
Knipping - Erwin Knipping

A German who came to Japan in the early Meiji period and was instrumental in establishing the storm warning and weather forecasting business in Japan. Born in Kleve near the Dutch border, he graduated from a maritime school in Amsterdam and became a second mate, then sailed to the Orient aboard the steamship Courier. As the ship happened to be sold to Japan, he disembarked in 1871 (Meiji 4) and became a mathematics teacher at Kaisei School. In 1876, while employed at the Communications Bureau, he submitted a petition explaining the necessity of storm warnings. In 1881, he was employed by the Ministry of the Interior and began a storm warning business. On May 26, 1883, Japan's first storm warning was issued, and the following year, in 1884, weather forecasts for the whole country were announced. In 1891, he returned to Japan and worked as an assistant at the Hamburg Meteorological Observatory. He did not write any books, but he published several articles in the journal of the German Asiatic Society, describing the characteristics of Japanese weather and storms.

[Junkichi Nemoto August 21, 2018]

[Reference] | Weather Observation

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

明治初年に来日し、日本における暴風警報および天気予報事業の創業に尽力したドイツ人。オランダ国境に近いクレーフェに生まれ、アムステルダムの商船学校を卒業して二等航海士となり、汽船クーリエに乗り組んで東洋に来航した。たまたま同船が日本に売却されることになったので、1871年(明治4)に下船し、開成学校の数学教師となった。1876年逓信(ていしん)局に雇用されている間に、暴風警報の必要性を説いた建白書を提出。1881年から内務省御雇いとなって暴風警報事業を始め、1883年5月26日、日本最初の暴風警報が発せられ、翌1884年から全国の天気予報の発表が開始された。1891年帰国し、ハンブルクの気象台の助手を務めた。著書はとくにないが、ドイツ系のアジア協会の雑誌に、日本の気象や暴風の特徴について述べた論文を何編か発表している。

[根本順吉 2018年8月21日]

[参照項目] | 気象観測

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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