? - The first sultan of the Sulu Sultanate in the southern Philippines around 1480. His official name was Sultan Sharif ul-Hashim. According to a family tree (tarsila) left in Sulu, he was an Arab from Palembang on the island of Sumatra, and married Paramisri, the daughter of Rajah Baginda, a powerful chief on the island of Jolo, the center of Sulu. He inherited his father-in-law's political position and worked to convert the inhabitants by systematizing the teachings of Islam. As a result, he established his position as sultan, ruling over the chiefs of Jolo both politically and religiously.Abu BakrThe first orthodox caliph of Islam. Reigned from 632 to 634. He was from the Ta'im family of the Quraysh tribe. He was a middle-class merchant from Mecca and was probably an old friend of the Prophet Muhammad. He was one of the earliest believers, and was present shortly after Muhammad first received divine revelation. It is said that many of the believers in the Mecca period became believers through his influence. After the Hijra, he was a good advisor to Muhammad, who also acted as a politician. He is said to have been well versed in the genealogies of the Arab tribes. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
?‐1480ころ フィリピン南部にあったスールー王国の初代スルタン。公式の名はスルタン・シャリフ・ウル・ハシムSultan Sharif ul‐Hashim。スールーに残されている系図録(タルシラ)によれば,彼はスマトラ島のパレンバンから来たアラブで,スールーの中心であるホロ島の有力首長ラジャ・バギンダの娘パラミスリと結婚して,義父の政治的地位を継承するとともに,イスラムの教えを体系化して住民の改宗につとめた。その結果彼は,ホロ島の首長たちを政治的にも宗教的にも支配する,スルタンとしての地位を確立した。 アブー・バクル【Abū Bakr】イスラムの初代正統カリフ。在位632‐634年。クライシュ族のタイム家出身。メッカの中流の商人で,おそらく預言者ムハンマドの古くからの友人であった。ムハンマドが初めて神の啓示を受けた直後からの最も古い信徒の一人である。メッカ時代の信徒の中には,彼の影響で信徒となった者が多いと伝えられている。ヒジュラの後では,政治家としても行動したムハンマドのよき補佐役であった。アラブ諸部族の系図に精通していたといわれる。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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