Guchkov, Aleksandr Ivanovich

Japanese: グチコフ（英語表記）Guchkov， Aleksandr Ivanovich

Born: October 26, 1862, Moscow
[Died] February 14, 1936, Paris. A politician and major capitalist during the final years of the Russian Empire. Born into a wealthy Moscow merchant family. As a moderate liberal, he founded the October Party in November 1905 and defended the October Manifesto issued by the Tsarist government. He was elected to the Third Duma in 1907 and became its chairman in 1910, but resigned the following year in opposition to PA Stolypin's municipal law. During World War I, he promoted industrial mobilization as chairman of the Central Committee for Wartime Industry, but was critical of the government of Nicholas II. After the February Revolution in 1917, he became Minister of Army and Navy in the Provisional Government, but was forced to resign on May 15 due to pressure from the Soviet Union. He joined LG Kornilov's rebellion, and after the October Revolution, he fled to Paris via Berlin, where he continued his anti-Soviet activities.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1862.10.26. モスクワ
[没]1936.2.14. パリ
ロシア帝政末期の政治家，大資本家。モスクワの富裕な商家の生れ。穏健な自由主義者として 1905年 11月，「十月党」を結成，ツァーリ政府の出した「十月宣言」を擁護した。 07年第3国会に選出され，10年にはその議長となったが，翌年 P.A.ストルイピンの自治体法に反対して辞職した。第1次世界大戦中は中央戦時工業委員会会長として工業動員を促進したが，ニコライ2世政府には批判的立場をとった。 17年二月革命後，臨時政府の陸・海相となったが，5月 15日ソビエトの圧力で辞職に追込まれた。 L.G.コルニーロフの反乱に加わり，十月革命後ベルリンを経てパリに亡命，同地で反ソ活動を続けた。

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