Simon Smith Kuznets

Japanese: クズネッツ - くずねっつ(英語表記)Simon Smith Kuznets
Simon Smith Kuznets

American economist. Born in Kharkov, Russia, he became a naturalized American citizen at a young age and studied at Columbia University, earning his doctorate in 1926. He was a professor at the University of Pennsylvania (1936-54) and Johns Hopkins University (1954-60), before becoming a professor at Harvard University's Department of Economics (1960-71). During this time, he was also a key member of the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). His fields of expertise include national income theory, business cycle theory, and economic growth theory, and he is particularly known for his quantitative and empirical analysis of national income estimates and international comparisons of economic growth. He has also contributed to economics by studying the Kuznets cycle in business cycles, the long-term stability of the average propensity to save, and the tendency for income distribution to level out. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1971. His major works include Six Lectures on Economic Growth (1959) and Modern Economic Growth (1966).

[Tsuguo Fujino]

"An Analysis of Modern Economic Growth, translated by Yuichi Shionoya, 2 volumes (1968, Toyo Keizai Shinposha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカの経済学者。ロシアのハリコフに生まれ、若くしてアメリカに帰化し、コロンビア大学に学び、1926年に同大学で学位を取得。ペンシルベニア大学(1936~54)、ジョンズ・ホプキンズ大学(1954~60)の教授を経て、ハーバード大学経済学部教授(1960~71)。この間、全国経済調査会(NBER)の主要メンバーとしても活躍した。専攻分野は、国民所得論、景気変動論、経済成長論などであり、とくに国民所得の推計や経済成長の国際比較についての数量的・実証的分析で高く評価されている。また、景気循環についてのクズネッツ循環、平均貯蓄性向の長期安定性、所得分配の平準化傾向などについての経済学的貢献がある。1971年にノーベル経済学賞を受賞。主著には『経済成長――六つの講義』Six Lectures on Economic Growth(1959)、『近代経済成長の分析』Modern Economic Growth(1966)などがある。

[藤野次雄]

『塩野谷祐一訳『近代経済成長の分析』全2巻(1968・東洋経済新報社)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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