Peacock King

Japanese: 孔雀明王 - くじゃくみょうおう
Peacock King

One of the Myo-o. A statue of the Peacock Buddha originating from India, it is a deification of a peacock that kills and eats a poisonous snake. In Sanskrit, it is called Mahāmayūrīvidyārājñī, transliterated as Makamayuri. It is also called "Peacock King" or "Great Buddha Mother Peacock King." According to the Buddha Mother Great Peacock King Sutra translated by Amoghavajra, reciting the great Dharani of this Myo-o will eliminate the fear and disaster caused by all kinds of poisons, including snake venom, and will bring you peace. In esoteric Buddhism, the secret method of practicing the Peacock King as the principal image is called the Peacock Sutra Method, and is listed as one of the four great methods. It was already known in Japan during the Nara period, and it is said that En no Ozunu also worshipped it. Its iconographical features are a four-armed statue riding a golden peacock and sitting in a lotus position on a white lotus (or blue-green). Examples of works worshipped after the Heian period include a sculpture by Kaikei kept at Kongobu-ji Temple, and images at Ninna-ji Temple and Chishaku-in Temple.

[Toshiaki Manabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

明王の一つ。インド起源の孔雀仏母(ぶつも)像で、猛毒蛇を食い殺す孔雀を神格化したもの。サンスクリット語でマハーマユーリービドヤーラージニーMahāmayūrīvidyārājñīといい、摩訶摩瑜利(まかまゆり)と音訳する。「孔雀王」または「仏母大孔雀明王」ともいう。不空訳『仏母大孔雀明王経』によると、この明王の大陀羅尼(だらに)を誦(じゅ)すると、蛇毒をはじめ、いっさいの諸毒による怖畏(ふい)、災難を滅し、安楽を得ると説く。密教では孔雀明王を本尊として修する秘法を孔雀経法(きょうぼう)といい、四箇大法(しかだいほう)の一つにあげる。日本では奈良時代にすでに知られており、役小角(えんのおづぬ)も信仰していたと伝える。図像学上の特徴は、金色の孔雀に乗じ、白蓮華(びゃくれんげ)(または青緑色)上に結跏趺坐(けっかふざ)する四臂(よんぴ)像である。平安時代以降に信仰された作例として、金剛峯寺(こんごうぶじ)に蔵する快慶作の彫像、仁和寺(にんなじ)および智積院(ちしゃくいん)の画像が知られる。

[真鍋俊照]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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