This refers to a substance written as HAu(OH) 4 , but this is not actually isolated. However, its source, gold hydroxide (III) Au(OH) 3 , is amphoteric but more acidic, and dissolves in alkali to form gold salts, so this is often called gold acid. Au(OH) 3 is sometimes written as HAuO 2・H 2 O. For example, dissolving gold hydroxide (III) in a hot potassium hydroxide solution and concentrating it gives pale yellow needle crystals of K[Au(OH) 4 ]・H 2 O, and similarly, using a hot sodium hydroxide solution gives pale green crystals of Na[Au(OH) 4 ]. Gold salt solutions are generally unstable, and are easily decomposed by heat or light, causing gold to precipitate, and some solids can explode when heated with organic matter. [Nakahara Katsunori] [Reference] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
HAu(OH)4と書かれる物質をいうが、このものは実際に遊離して取り出されてはいない。しかしこのものの元となる水酸化金(Ⅲ)Au(OH)3は、両性であるが酸性のほうが強く、アルカリに溶けて金酸塩をつくるので、これを金酸ということが多い。Au(OH)3をHAuO2・H2Oのように書くこともある。たとえば、水酸化金(Ⅲ)を熱水酸化カリウム水溶液に溶かし濃縮するとK[Au(OH)4]・H2Oの淡黄色針状晶が得られ、熱水酸化ナトリウム水溶液では同じようにしてNa[Au(OH)4]の淡緑色結晶が得られる。金酸塩溶液は一般に不安定で、熱、光などにより金を析出して分解しやすく、固体には有機物と熱すると爆発するものもある。 [中原勝儼] [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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