Abydos (English spelling)

Japanese: アビドス(英語表記)Abydos; Abdu; Ebot
Abydos (English spelling)
The most famous sacred site of ancient Egypt. Egyptian name Abdu, Coptic name Eboth. Located in the desert on the west bank of the Nile, it was the cemetery of the important city of Thinis in Upper Egypt. In the 19th century, the tombs of the kings of the 1st and 2nd dynasties were discovered, but many of them are thought to be monuments without burial. Originally, it was dedicated to the wolf god Kenti-Amentyu, but in the 5th dynasty, the god Osiris was associated with Abydos, and Abydos soon became the center of Osiris worship. By the 12th dynasty at the latest, sacred plays about the death and resurrection of Osiris were performed in Abydos. It became a pilgrimage site for believers who wished to be buried near Osiris, and if they were not buried there, they placed stones bearing the name of the deceased, and many such stones have been discovered. Successive pharaohs worked hard to build the Abydos temple and also built their own memorial temples in Abydos. Of these, the Temple of Seti I has been largely preserved, and the painted reliefs in the seven chapels dedicated to seven gods are beautiful. The Abydos King List, carved into the walls of the corridor, is also of great historical value. There are many cemeteries from various periods, from the Ptolemaic period to the Roman period, surrounding the temples, making Abydos an important archaeological site.

Abydos
Abydos

An ancient Anatolian city located on the eastern side of the Hellespont (the Dardanelles), northwest of today's Çanakkale in Turkey. It was probably originally a Thracian city, and was colonized by the Miletians around 670 BC. In 200 BC it fought a brave battle against Philip V of Macedonia, known through the legend of Herod and Leander. It continued to exist as a customs city on the Hellespont until the late Byzantine period.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
古代エジプトの最も有名な聖地。エジプト名アブドゥ,コプト名エボト。ナイル川の西岸の砂漠にあり,上エジプトの重要な都市ティニスの墓地であった。 19世紀になって第1,2王朝の王たちの墳墓が発見されたが,多くは死体を埋めない記念碑と考えられている。元来はケンティ=アメンテューという山犬の神を祀っていたが,第5王朝には,オシリス神がアビドスと結びつき,まもなくアビドスはオシリス祭儀の中心地となった。遅くとも第 12王朝時代にはオシリスの死と復活を扱った聖劇がアビドスで演じられるにいたった。オシリスの近くに埋葬されたいと願う信者たちの巡礼地となり,そこに葬られない場合には死者の名前などを記した石を置いたものらしく,そのような石が多数発見されている。歴代のファラオはアビドス神殿の造営に励み,またアビドスに自分の記念神殿を建てた。このうち,セティ1世の神殿は大部分が保存され,7柱の神に捧げた7つの礼拝堂にある彩色浮彫は美しい。また廊下の壁面に刻まれた「アビドスの王名表」は史料的価値が高い。諸神殿の周囲にはプトレマイオス朝時代からローマ時代にいたるさまざまな時期の墓地が多く,アビドスは考古学上重要な場所である。

アビドス
Abydos

アナトリアの古代都市。ヘレスポントス(ダーダネルス海峡)の東側,今日のトルコのチャナッカレ北西に位置する。初めはトラキア人の都市だったとみられ,前670年頃にミレトス人(→ミレトス)が植民した。前200年マケドニア王国のフィリッポス5世に対して果敢に戦った。この戦いはヘロとレアンドロスの伝説によって知られる。ヘレスポントス海峡の通関都市としてビザンチン帝国時代後期まで存続した。

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