In chemistry, this refers to the process in which colloidal particles dispersed in a liquid or gas gather together and precipitate when they reach a size where they can no longer maintain a colloidal state. This is also called coagulation. It can also be artificially coagulated by adding a small amount of deflocculating agent, heating, ultrasonic waves, and electric fields. There is a method of obtaining a colloid by suddenly decreasing the solubility of a molecular or ionic solution, which is also called the dispersion method or coagulation method. Generally, aggregation refers to the gathering together of small dispersed particles to a certain size. For example, the word agglutination is used when red blood cells form clumps due to the action of antibodies. [Toshihisa Yoshida] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
化学では液体または気体中に分散しているコロイド微粒子などが、コロイド状態を保てないくらいの大きさに集合し沈殿することをいう。凝結ともいう。少量の解膠(かいこう)剤の添加、加熱、超音波そして電場などで人工的に凝集させることもできる。分子またはイオン状態の溶体から溶解度を急に減少させてコロイドを得る方法があり、これを分散法あるいは凝集法ともいう。 なお、一般には、細かく分散しているものが集合して、ある大きさになることを凝集といっている。たとえば、赤血球などが抗体の作用によりかたまりをつくる場合で、agglutinationの語が用いられている。 [吉田俊久] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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