United Arab Republic; UAR

Japanese: アラブ連合共和国 - アラブれんごうきょうわこく(英語表記)United Arab Republic; UAR
United Arab Republic; UAR
A United Republic formed by Egypt and Syria in February 1958. In September 1961, a coup took place in Damascus, Syria, and Syria withdrew from the republic, effectively dissolving it. Egypt continued to use the name United Arab Republic until September 1971, when it was renamed the Arab Republic of Egypt. Gamal Abdel Nasser originally believed that Arab unity was essential for Arab liberation, and he established the United Arab Republic as the core of that idea. Nasser was elected as the first president by a national referendum in February 1958, and a provisional constitution was promulgated in March. In March of the same year, all political parties in Syria were banned, and only the National Union was allowed to exist as a new party, just like in Egypt. The National Assembly, as stipulated by the constitution, opened in July 1960 with 600 members (400 in Egypt and 200 in Syria) appointed by the president. However, before this unity could be fully established, it collapsed due to a coup in Syria. In April 1963, Egypt, Syria, and Iraq again declared their unification under the name of the United Arab Republic, but in August the unification was called off due to growing conflict between the Ba'ath Party and Nasser supporters in both Iraq and Syria.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
エジプトとシリアが 1958年2月に結成した連合共和国。1961年9月シリアのダマスカスでクーデターが起こり,シリアが脱退して事実上解体したが,エジプトは 1971年9月にエジプト・アラブ共和国と改称するまで,アラブ連合共和国の国名を使用していた。もともとガマル・アブドゥル・ナセルは,アラブの解放には前提としてアラブの統一が不可欠であるという考えをもっており,いわばその中核として同連合を成立させた。初代大統領には,1958年2月の国民投票によってナセルが選出され,3月には暫定憲法が公布された。また同 3月シリアにおけるすべての政党が禁止され,エジプト同様,国民連合のみが党として新たに存在を認められた。憲法の定める国民議会は,1960年7月大統領の指名による 600人(エジプト 400人,シリア 200人)の議員を集めて開会。しかし,この統合が十分定着しないうちに,シリアのクーデターを契機として崩壊した。その後 1963年4月に再びエジプト,シリア,イラクの 3ヵ国がアラブ連合共和国の名のもとに統合宣言を行なったが,イラク,シリア両国でバース党とナセル支持派の対立が深まったため,8月に統合は白紙に戻った。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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