...A Turkish plucked string instrument (illustration). The body is made of hollowed-out mulberry wood covered with thin, straight-grained boards of pine or other wood. The long neck has 10-33 (usually 19-24) vinyl strings attached to the frets, allowing for minute pitches such as 3/4. The frets can be moved to adjust the pitch finely. The strings are made of steel wire and copper-wound wire (for bass), with 3-11 (usually 6-7) strings, which are tuned in three groups and there are several tuning methods. The middle string produces a lower tone than the others, for example, in the So-So-Re-Re-La-La style, the La tone is the main melody string, and the others often produce drones (sustained tones) or chords. ... From the Turkish tribe...the term refers to peoples who speak one of the Turkic languages, and who currently live in a wide range of areas in Eurasia, from the Yakuts in the east to the Turks, Gagauz, and Karaim in the west. However, they have not necessarily lived in these areas since ancient times. For example, Anatolia, where the Turks currently live, was originally the home of Hittites and Greeks, and the oasis settlements of Central Asia, where the Uzbeks, Uighurs, and others currently live, were the home of Aryan peoples such as the Sogdians and Tocharians. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "âşık" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…トルコの撥弦楽器(イラスト)。薄くくりぬいた桑材の胴に松など柾目の通った薄板を張り,長い棹には10~33個くらい(普通は19~24個)のビニル糸をフレットに結びつけ,3/4音等の微小音程が出せるようにしてある。フレットは動かせ細かく音程を調節できる。弦は鋼鉄線および銅巻線(低音用)が3~11本(普通は6~7本)張られ,3グループに分けて調弦され,何種類かの調弦法がある。中央の弦が他より低い音となり,たとえばソソ―レレ―ララでラの音がおもに旋律弦となり,他はドローン(持続音)や和音を出すことが多い。… 【トルコ族】より…チュルク諸語のいずれかを使用する民族を指す呼称で,現在,東方のヤクート族から西方のトルコ,ガガウズ,カライムの諸族に至るまで,ユーラシア大陸の諸地域に,広く分散して居住している。しかし彼らは,必ずしも古くからこれらの諸地域に居住していたのではなく,たとえば,現在トルコ族の住むアナトリアは,もともとヒッタイト人やギリシア人の住地であり,また現在ウズベク族,ウイグル族などの居住する中央アジアのオアシス定住地帯は,ソグド人,トハラ人などアーリヤ系諸民族の住地であった。… ※「âşık」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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