The Kyushu Mountain Range runs from north-northeast to south-southwest through central Kyushu. It is part of the Southwest Japan Outer Zone Mountain Range, which continues on from the Kii Mountain Range and Shikoku Mountain Range, and is composed of Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata. It is about 80 km wide at its widest point and about 200 km long. The northwestern side borders the Central Kyushu volcanic region with the Sobosan and Hinagu fault scarps, which are part of the Median Tectonic Line, and the southeastern side borders the Miyazaki Plain and Southern Kyushu volcanic region. The northeastern and southwestern parts of the range end in the Bungo Channel and northern Hyuga Nada Sea, and the Yatsushiro Sea and East China Sea, respectively, and the area that ends in the Bungo Channel forms a typical ria coastline. The interior of the mountain range in its prime is divided into blocks such as Mt. Bateru (661m), Mt. Haidate (754m), Mt. Ookue (1644m), Mt. Mukabaki (830m), Mt. Sobo (1756m, highest peak), Mt. Katamuki (1605m), Mt. Kunimi (1739m), Mt. Ichifusa (1721m), Mt. Shiraga (1417m), and Mt. Kunimi (969m), but the distribution of flat-topped peaks at higher elevations suggests the existence of an uplifted peneplain. In the southwest lies the Hitoyoshi fault basin, and the Kuma River collects water from the basin, crosses part of the mountain range, and flows into the Yatsushiro Sea. In the central area, the Hitotsuse River, Mimi River, and Gokase River cross the mountains and flow into the Hyuga Sea, but in the upper reaches of the Gokase River, it has eroded the Aso lava that fills the valley, creating the scenic Takachiho Gorge. The Midori River also flows west and empties into Shimabara Bay. In addition, it is the source of the Ono River in the north, and the Oyodo River and Sendai River in the south. The Sobosan Mountains are based on Palaeozoic and Mesozoic strata, and are mainly composed of the Mitate Conglomerate and Sobo volcanic rocks. Granite intrusions contain tin ore in some areas, and mines such as Kiura, Mitate, Obira, and Toyosaka were developed. Limestone is sandwiched between the Palaeozoic mountains, and mining is carried out in Tsukumi, which is easily accessible. With an annual rainfall of 2,000 to 3,200 mm, the forests are lush, and forestry is a common industry, with shiitake mushroom cultivation also thriving. The rivers are plentiful, making it the largest power source area in western Japan. The coastal areas are blessed with water, electricity, and transportation, and industrial cities such as Yatsushiro, Minamata, Tsukumi, and Saiki have developed. Its transportation barrier is great, dividing northern and southern Kyushu and being a major obstacle to the modernization of southern Kyushu, and includes isolated mountain villages such as Gokanosho, Shiiba, and Meranosho. It also forms the prefectural border between Oita Prefecture and Miyazaki Prefecture, Miyazaki Prefecture and Kumamoto Prefecture, and Kumamoto Prefecture and Kagoshima Prefecture, and is therefore also of great significance as a natural boundary. [Shunichi Kaneko] View from the east side. Sobosan National Park. Nobeoka City, Miyazaki Prefecture © Miyazaki Tourism and Convention Association Mount Okuzure Sobosan National Park Area. Nationally designated Place of Scenic Beauty and Natural Monument. Takachiho Town, Nishiusuki District, Miyazaki Prefecture. ©Miyazaki Tourism and Convention Association . Takachiho Gorge Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
九州の中部を、北北東から南南西の方向に走っている九州の脊梁(せきりょう)山地。紀伊山地、四国山地に続く西南日本外帯山地の一部で、古生層と中生層からなり、幅は広い所で約80キロメートル、長さは約200キロメートルに達する。北西側は中央構造線にあたる祖母山(そぼさん)断層崖(がい)や日奈久(ひなぐ)断層崖などで中九州火山地域に接し、南東側は宮崎平野と南九州火山地域に接する。北東部と南西部はそれぞれ豊後水道(ぶんごすいどう)・日向灘(ひゅうがなだ)北部と、八代海(やつしろかい)・東シナ海に終わり、とくに豊後水道に終わる所は標式的なリアス式海岸をなしている。壮年期の山地の内部は、場照山(ばてるやま)(661メートル)、佩楯山(はいだてさん)(754メートル)、大崩山(おおくえやま)(1644メートル)、行縢山(むかばきやま)(830メートル)、祖母山(1756メートル、最高峰)、傾山(かたむきやま)(1605メートル)、国見岳(くにみだけ)(1739メートル)、市房山(いちふさやま)(1721メートル)、白髪岳(しらがだけ)(1417メートル)、国見山(くにみやま)(969メートル)などのブロックに分かれるが、高所に平頂峰が分布し、隆起準平原の存在を思わす。南西部には人吉(ひとよし)の断層盆地があり、球磨(くま)川は盆地の水を集めて山地の一部を横切って、八代海に注ぐ。中部では一ツ瀬(ひとつせ)川、耳(みみ)川、五ヶ瀬(ごかせ)川などが山地を横切って日向灘へ流れるが、五ヶ瀬川上流では、谷を埋める阿蘇(あそ)溶岩を侵食して高千穂峡(たかちほきょう)の名勝をつくっている。また、緑(みどり)川が西流して島原湾に注ぐ。そのほか、北部は大野川、南部は大淀(おおよど)川、川内川(せんだいがわ)の水源となっている。 祖母傾山地は古生層、中生層を基底とし、見立礫岩(みたてれきがん)層や祖母火山岩類が主体を構成し、一部に花崗(かこう)岩の貫入があって錫(すず)鉱を含み、木浦(きうら)、見立、尾平(おびら)、豊栄(ほうえい)などの鉱山が開発されていた。古生層山地には石灰岩を挟み、交通の便のよい津久見(つくみ)などで採掘されている。年降水量2000~3200ミリメートル、森林がよく繁茂し、林業が一般的な産業となり、シイタケ栽培も盛んである。諸河川は水量豊富で、西日本最大の電源地帯となっている。海岸地域は水、電力、交通などの条件に恵まれて、八代、水俣(みなまた)、津久見、佐伯(さいき)などの工業都市が発達している。 その交通遮断性は大で、南北両九州を分かち、南九州の近代化の大きな妨げとなり、五家荘(ごかのしょう)、椎葉(しいば)、米良荘(めらのしょう)などの隔絶山村を含んでいる。大分県と宮崎県、宮崎県と熊本県、熊本県と鹿児島県の各県境をなしており、自然的境界の意義も大きい。 [兼子俊一] 東側からの眺望。祖母傾国定公園域。宮崎県延岡市©公益財団法人みやざき観光コンベンション協会"> 大崩山 祖母傾国定公園域。国指定名勝 国指定天然記念物 宮崎県西臼杵郡高千穂町©公益財団法人みやざき観光コンベンション協会"> 高千穂峡 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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