American film director. Born in Palermo, Sicily, Italy, he moved to the United States at the age of six. He entered the film industry in 1921, and after working as a comedian and other comedians, he became a director. In 1934, "It Happened One Night" won all the major categories at the Academy Awards, and established the type of "screwball comedy" that satirizes the wealthy class and the struggle for survival in the city through the conflict and love between the male and female protagonists and their eccentric behavior, and had a great influence on American comedy films thereafter. He followed it up with "The Opera Hat" (1936) and "The House That Lies Down" (1938), both of which won the Academy Award for Best Director, and produced a series of comedies in the same vein as "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington" (1939) and "The Crowd" (1941), but with more individuality and a stronger social message. Many of the works from this period are also famous for being made in collaboration with screenwriter Robert Riskin. He later produced "Drunk and Lace" (1944) and "It's a Wonderful Life!" " (1946) and others. [Takaharu Miyamoto] Documents List of Director's Works The Strong Man (1926) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカの映画監督。イタリア、シチリア島のパレルモに生まれ、6歳のときアメリカに移住。1921年映画界に入り、ギャグマンなどを経て監督となる。1934年、アカデミー賞の主要部門を独占した『或(あ)る夜の出来事』で、主人公男女の対立と恋愛、奇抜な行状を通して富裕階層や都会の生存競争を風刺的に描くという、「変人喜劇」(スクリューボール・コメディ)の型を定め、以後のアメリカ喜劇映画に大きな影響を与えた。続いて『オペラハット』(1936)と『我が家の楽園』(1938)がともにアカデミー監督賞を受け、『スミス都へ行く』(1939)、『群衆』(1941)と同系列ながら、より個性的で社会的メッセージの濃厚な喜劇を連作。この時期の作品の多くは脚本家ロバート・リスキンとのコンビによることでも有名である。その後『毒薬と老嬢』(1944)、『素晴らしき哉(かな)人生!』(1946)などがある。 [宮本高晴] 資料 監督作品一覧当りっ子ハリー The Strong Man(1926) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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