A philosophical work by the Roman philosopher Cicero. Three volumes. Written in 44 BC. In the form of a letter to his son Marcus, the first volume discusses the four fundamental virtues (wisdom, justice, courage, and moderation) and the duties that flow from them. The next two volumes apply these to real life situations, citing numerous examples from Greek and Roman history. Cicero's lessons are highly practical, emphasizing the social nature of man, philanthropy toward fellow man, and the need for public action. The Western European concept of the "gentleman" is said to have originated from this book. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ローマのキケロの哲学書。3巻。前 44年の作。息子マルクスにあてた手紙の形式をとって,第1巻では基本的な四徳 (知恵,正義,勇気,節度) とそれらから発する義務について論じ,続く2巻ではそれらを実際の人生にあてはめて,ギリシア・ローマの歴史から無数の実例をひいて説明。キケロの教訓はきわめて実際的で,人間の社会的性格と,同胞への博愛と,公的活動の必要を強調する。西ヨーロッパの「紳士」の概念は本書に発するとされる。
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