Air sac - Yesterday (English)

Japanese: 気囊 - きのう(英語表記)air sac
Air sac - Yesterday (English)
An organ unique to birds, a thin membrane sac attached to the lungs. It is filled with air and its main function is to regulate body temperature, but as an air sac connected to the lungs, it also increases the efficiency of air circulation through the lungs. However, the air sac itself has almost no blood vessels, so it cannot exchange gases. The air sac system usually consists of nine air sacs: one interclavicular air sac, and a pair of cervical air sacs, anterior air sacs, retrothoracic air sacs, and abdominal air sacs. Each air sac is inserted in various ways into the body cavities, muscles, and internal organs, and in many birds, it is also inserted into various bones.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
鳥類特有の器官で,肺に付随した薄膜の袋。内部に空気を満たし,その機能は主として体温の調節であるが,肺につながった空気袋として,肺に通ずる空気の流通の効率を高める働きももっている。ただし,気囊自体は血管がほとんど分布していないので,ガス交換を行うことはできない。 気囊系は通常1個の鎖骨間気囊とそれぞれ1対の頸(けい)気囊・前胸気囊・後胸気囊・腹気囊の9個の気囊から成り,各気囊は体腔や筋肉・内臓の間にさまざまな形で入り込み,多くの鳥では各種の骨のなかにも入っている。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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