This mushroom belongs to the Basidiomycete order Gastromycetes and the family Pectiniferae. It grows in gardens, fields, lawns, bamboo groves, etc. in summer and autumn. It first produces snake-egg-like white masses called buds, 3-4 cm in diameter, underground. These have long, somewhat branched hyphae at the bottom, and eventually the top breaks and the mushroom emerges. It produces a head resembling a deep straw hat with wrinkles at the top, and a thick cylindrical stem. The overall height is 10-20 cm, rarely reaching 30 cm. A characteristic of this fungus is that it produces a beautiful white mesh-like mantle between the head and the stem. This mantle begins to grow downward from the neck-like part of the stem, and its growth rate is extremely fast, at about 0.08 mm per second. Basidiospores are produced on the basidium inside the abdomen of the bud, and as the mushroom grows, they attach to the head with a foul-smelling brown mucus and emerge. Flies and other insects land on it and are carried by their legs. There are records of its production throughout Japan, and those from Sichuan Province in China are dried and made into soup, making them a delicacy. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
担子菌類腹菌目スッポンタケ科のキノコ。夏秋に,庭,畑,芝地,タケ林などに生える。初め地中に菌蕾 (きんらい) といわれるヘビの卵のような白い径3~4cmの塊を生じる。これはその下部に長くて多少枝分れを有する菌糸束をもち,やがてその頂部が破れて中からキノコが出てくる。頂端に皺のある深編笠のような頭部を生じ,茎は太い円柱状である。全体の高さは 10~20cm,まれに 30cmに及ぶ。この菌の特徴は,この頭部と茎との間から白くて美しい網目になったマントを生じることである。このマントは茎の首のようなところから下へ伸びはじめるが,その生長速度はきわめて速く,秒速 0.08mmほどである。担子胞子は菌蕾の腹中の担子器上に生じ,キノコが生長するときに,異臭のある褐色の粘液で頭部に付着して外に現れる。これにハエなど昆虫が止りその脚などについて運ばれる。日本全土に産出の記録があり,中国四川省産のものは乾物とし,スープにつくり珍味とされている。
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