The capital of Kyzylorda Oblast in the Republic of Kazakhstan, Central Asia. It is located on the right bank of the Syr Darya, about 250 km east of the Aral Sea. It has a population of 157,400 (1999), 240,766 (2019 estimate). It is a key location on the railway that connects Tashkent in Uzbekistan and Samara in Russia, and is also the only road that crosses the Kyzylkum Desert and runs westward. Although it is a desert area, irrigation is used to cultivate rice and melons, and Karakul (Karakul sheep) are raised. Light industries such as paper, building materials, furniture, hosiery, and food manufacturing are expected to develop. It was built in the first half of the 19th century as the Ak-Mechet Fortress, but was occupied by Russian troops in 1853 and came to be called the Perovsk Fortress. After the October Revolution of 1917, when the Kazakh Republic was established, it was renamed Kzyll-Orda (meaning "Red City" in Kazakh), and served as the capital of the republic from 1924 to 1929. [Shuji Yamashita] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中央アジア、カザフスタン共和国クジル・オルダ州の州都。キジロルダKyzylorda,Qyzylordaとも表記する。アラル海の東約250キロメートルのシルダリヤ右岸にある。人口15万7400(1999)、24万0766(2019推計)。ウズベキスタンのタシケントとロシアのサマラを結ぶ鉄道の要地であり、またキジルクム砂漠を横断して西に通ずる唯一の自動車道がある。砂漠地帯であるが、灌漑(かんがい)による米、ウリの栽培、カラクール(カラクール種のヒツジ)の飼育が盛んである。工業では製紙、建材、家具、メリヤス、食品製造などの軽工業の発展が期待されている。19世紀前半に、アク・メチェト要塞(ようさい)として建設されたが、1853年ロシア軍に占領され、ペロフスク要塞とよばれるようになった。1917年十月革命後、カザフ共和国樹立に伴い、クジル・オルダ(カザフ語で「赤の都」の意)と改称された。なお、1924~1929年は同共和国の首都であった。 [山下脩二] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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