...The caisson method, which uses caissons to build foundations, is an effective method when a suitable supporting layer exists deep underground, but it is difficult to excavate to that depth by simply retaining the soil or applying temporary cofferdam, i.e., when boulders are present or the groundwater level is difficult to lower due to the soil quality or water depth. Caissons are made of reinforced concrete, steel, or wood, and are classified into box caissons, open caissons, and air caissons depending on their shape and construction method. (1) Box caisson A box-shaped structure with a base used as the main body of structures such as breakwaters, revetments, quays, and tide-stopping cofferdams in port construction. ... From [Underwater Tunnel] ...With the exception of undersea tunnels such as the Seikan Tunnel, the majority of underwater tunnels are built in large cities near the mouths of rivers, and many of the locations have weak geology. *Some of the terminology that refers to "air caisson" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ケーソンを利用して基礎を築造するケーソン工法は,適当な支持層が地中の深いところに存在するが,土止めや仮締切りをしただけではその深さまでの掘削が困難な場合,すなわち転石などが存在したり,土質や水深の関係で地下水位の低下が困難なときに有効な工法である。ケーソンには鉄筋コンクリート製のほか鋼製や木製のものもあり,またその形状や施工法によって,ボックスケーソン,オープンケーソン,空気ケーソンに分類される。 (1)ボックスケーソン 港湾工事で防波堤,護岸,岸壁あるいは潮止め用締切堤などの構造物の主体として用いられる,底の付いた箱状のもの。… 【水底トンネル】より…水底トンネルは青函トンネルのような海底トンネルを除けば,大多数は河口近くの大都市に作られ,地質も軟弱な場所が多い。 ※「空気ケーソン」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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