Utsunomiya Toan

Japanese: 宇都宮遯庵 - うつのみや・とんあん

Year of death: October 10, 6th year of the Hoei period (November 11, 1709)
Year of birth: February 30, 1633 (April 8, 1633)
A Confucian scholar from the early Edo period. His given name was Mato, his pen name was Yumae, he was commonly known as Sankin, and he went by the name Soan (he became stubborn in his later years). He was born into a family that had served the Yoshikawa clan of Iwakuni in Suo Province (Yamaguchi Prefecture) for generations, and at the age of 17 he studied under Matsunaga Shakugo in Kyoto. In 1657 he was summoned to Iwakuni as a Confucian scholar, and for four generations, from the feudal lord Yoshikawa Hiromasa to Hirotsugu, he traveled between Kyoto and his hometown and played a leading role in literature and education in both Japanese and Chinese within the clan throughout his life. During this time he was ordered to live in exile twice, in 1675 and 1678, and it is believed that this was because an article about Christianity in "Nakagawa Kiyohide-den," included in his book "Nihon Kokin Jinbutsu-shi" (1672), touched on the shogunate's taboo name, but the details are unknown. Not only was he an unrestricted talent in waka and waku, and in renku poetry and poetry, but his overwhelming annotation skills based on a strong authority system were manifested in many annotations to Chinese classics, such as "Satsuma Hyozhu Kobun Shinpo Zenshu", "Shichisai Shishu Kai", "Mongyu Shosetsu", and "Kinshudan Hyozhu", many of which are still in use today. His method, based on his keen linguistic sense, has elements that precede the classical Japanese literati studies of Ogyu Sorai, and it is said that Sorai was influenced by him in his youth. <Works> "Soan Shishu", "Soan Bunshu" <References> "An Essay on Utsunomiya Soan" by Katanuma Seiji ("Confucianism and National Studies"), "Utsunomiya Soan" by Katsura Yoshiki

(Miyazaki Shuta)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：宝永6.10.10(1709.11.11)
生年：寛永10.2.30(1633.4.8)
江戸前期の儒学者。名は的,字は由的,通称三近,遯庵(晩年に頑拙)と号す。累代周防国(山口県)岩国吉川家に仕える家に生まれ,17歳にして京都の松永尺五に従学,明暦3(1657)年には岩国に儒者として召還され,領主吉川広正から広逵までの4代,京都と郷里とを往来しながら終生家中の和漢にわたる文芸,教学の指導的立場にあった。その間延宝3(1675)年と8年の2度謫居を命じられており,その著書『日本古今人物史』(1672)所載「中川清秀伝」中にあるキリスト教記事が幕府の忌諱に触れたことが原因とされるが詳細は不明。和歌和文,詩文連句における縦横無尽の才はもとより,強固な典拠主義による圧倒的な注釈能力は『鼇頭評註古文真宝前集』『七才子集註解』『蒙求詳説』『錦繍段標註』など多くの漢籍標註書に顕現し,いまでも命脈を保つものが少なくない。その鋭敏な言語感覚に基づく方法には荻生徂徠の古文辞学に先んじた要素があり,実際徂徠も若年に影響を受けたといわれる。<著作>『遯庵詩集』『遯庵文集』<参考文献>潟沼誠二「宇都宮遯庵試論」(『儒学と国学』),桂芳樹『宇都宮遯庵』

(宮崎修多)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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