Tension pneumothorax

In cases of pneumothorax, when the damaged area through which air flows is a valve-like structure in one direction, the air that has accumulated in the pleural cavity can be expelled by inhaling. Exhalation ( Stroke ) Sometimes air cannot be expelled from the body, so with each breathing movement, air accumulates in the chest cavity.

The intrathoracic pressure increases dramatically and the lungs become highly Collapse ( Giant ) (Contraction) Mediastinum ( 100 ) The patient was shifted to the opposite side. diaphragm ( Oukakuma ) The pressure on the chest wall drops and the patient begins to show severe cardio-respiratory failure. This condition is called tension pneumothorax (Figure 36C).

Symptoms of tension pneumothorax include severe shortness of breath, rib cage ( Religion ) Significant Bulging ( Bouryu ) , subcutaneous emphysema, cyanosis, Tachycardia ( Confession ) And more.

Tension pneumothorax is an extremely serious, life-threatening condition and there is no first aid that the general public can perform, so you must call an ambulance quickly and have the person transported to an appropriate medical facility.

Source: Houken “Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia” Information about the Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia

　気胸のうち、空気が流入する損傷部が一方向に弁状となっている場合には、吸気によって胸腔内へたまった空気を呼気(こき)時に体外へ排出できず、そのため呼吸運動をするたびに胸腔内に空気がたまっていきます。

　胸腔内圧は極度に上昇して、肺は高度に虚脱(きょだつ)（収縮）し、縦隔(じゅうかく)は反対側へかたより、患側の横隔膜(おうかくまく)は下降して重い呼吸循環不全を示すようになります。この状態を緊張性気胸と呼びます（図36­C）。

　緊張性気胸の症状は、高度の呼吸困難、患側胸郭(きょうかく)の著しい膨隆(ぼうりゅう)、皮下気腫(ひかきしゅ)、チアノーゼ、頻脈(ひんみゃく)などです。

　緊張性気胸は、生命に関わる極めて重篤な状態で、一般の人ができる応急処置はないので、迅速に救急車を呼び、しかるべき医療機関に搬送してもらわなければなりません。

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