A plain formed in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, centered on Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. It is also called the Ningxia Plain because it is the central region of Ningxia, and is also called the Hetao Plain together with the Houtao Plain and Qiantao Plain in the downstream Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and is called the Xitao Plain. This plain was formed when the Yellow River, which flows through the Qingtongxia from the mountains of Gansu Province, brought thick sediment to a depression formed by a fault to the east of the Helan Mountains. It stretches about 200 kilometers from north to south, and is bounded by the Ordos Plateau to the east, and is about 50 kilometers wide at its widest point, until it reaches the Shizui Mountains in the north and becomes a narrow rapid again. Upstream from Qingdongxia are the Zhongwei Basin and Zhongning Basin, which are sometimes called the Weining Plain and included in the Yinchuan Plain. The Yellow River branches into a braided network in the plain, and irrigation has been developed since ancient times, with the Qinqu, Hanqu, and Tangliqu channels being historically famous. Even after liberation in 1949, construction of irrigation channels continued, and the area has become an agricultural region known as "the fortress of Jiangnan." [Motohide Akiyama] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中国、寧夏(ねいか/ニンシヤ)回族自治区銀川市を中心に、黄河(こうが/ホワンホー)上流部に形成される平野。寧夏の中心地域であるところから寧夏平原ともいい、また下流の内モンゴル自治区の後套(こうとう)平原、前套平原とあわせて河套(かとう/ホータオ)平原といい、こちらを西套平原という。この平野は賀蘭(がらん/ホーラン)山脈の東に断層でできた陥没地に、甘粛(かんしゅく/カンスー)省の山地から青銅峡(せいどうきょう/チントンシヤ)を抜けた黄河が、厚い堆積(たいせき)物をもたらして形成されたものである。北の石咀(せきしょ)山に至り、ふたたび狭い急流となるまで、南北約200キロメートル、東はオルドス高原で画され、広い所では約50キロメートルの幅をもつ。青銅峡より上流には中衛盆地、中寧盆地があり、これを衛寧(えいねい)平原と称して銀川平原に含めることもある。平野部は黄河が網状に分流し、古くから灌漑(かんがい)が発達し、秦渠(しんきょ)、漢渠(かんきょ)、唐徠渠(とうらいきょ)などは歴史的に有名である。1949年の解放後も灌漑水路の建設は続けられ、「塞上(さいじょう)の江南(こうなん)」と称される農業地域となっている。 [秋山元秀] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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