A machine that automatically displays and records the details and amounts of cash transactions. It is also called a cash register, or simply a register. In 1878, American restaurateur James Rity traveled to Europe by ship, and was inspired by a device that automatically recorded the number of revolutions of the screw in the engine room. The following year, he invented what is known as the world's first dial register. The dial, shaped like a large grandfather clock, has two hands, one for long and one for short, and the amount is displayed by pressing two rows of buttons at the bottom. After that, American John H. Patterson began manufacturing and selling it in 1884, and it was improved until it became the type we know today. The basic functions of a cash register include displaying transaction details, issuing receipts, creating business records, and totaling, but nowadays some cash registers have a settlement function in addition to totaling. Mechanical cash registers have been replaced by electronic cash registers that use electronics, and are now used in conjunction with computers as point of sales (POS) information management systems. They are also widely adopted and used as a strategic weapon in the retail industry, being used widely in department stores, specialty stores, supermarkets, restaurants, and more. [Kei Ishihara] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
自動的に現金取引の内容や金額を表示したり、記録するための機械。レジスター、あるいは略してレジともいう。1878年アメリカのレストラン経営者ジェームス・リティがヨーロッパへ船で旅行した際に、機関室のスクリューの回転数を自動的に記録する装置からヒントを得て、翌年発明したのが、世界で最初のダイヤル・レジスターとよばれるものである。大きな柱時計のような形の文字盤に、長短二つの針があり、下のほうに2列に並んだボタンを押すことによって金額が表示される仕組みである。その後アメリカのジョン・H・パターソンが1884年に製造・販売を始めてから、現在のような型になるまで改良が加えられた。 レジスターの基本的な機能としては、取引内容の表示、領収証の発行、営業記録の作成、合計器などがあげられるが、現在では合計だけでなく精算機能を備えたものもある。機械式レジスターも、エレクトロニクスを使用した電子レジスターに変わり、さらにコンピュータと連動して、POS(point of sales)とよばれる販売時点情報管理システム機として活用されている。また小売業の戦略武器としても、広く百貨店、専門店、スーパーマーケット、飲食店などで採用され、活用されている。 [石原 啓] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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