… All skeletal muscles are controlled by motor neurons, and contract only when they receive commands from motor neurons. At the same time, motor neurons also control the nutritional state of muscle fibers and maintain their normal thickness. Therefore, muscle atrophy can occur not only due to diseases of the muscles themselves, but also due to diseases of motor neurons and the peripheral nerves derived from them. The former is called myogenic muscular atrophy, and the latter is called neurogenic muscular atrophy. It is also well known that exercise makes muscles develop and thicken, but conversely, atrophy occurs when muscles are not used for a long period of time. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "myogenic muscle atrophy" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… すべての骨格筋は運動ニューロンによって支配されており,運動ニューロンからの指令によって初めて収縮するのであるが,同時に,筋繊維の栄養状態をコントロールし,その正常の太さを保っているのも運動ニューロンである。したがって筋萎縮は筋肉そのものの病気によって生ずると同時に,運動ニューロンやそれに由来する末梢神経の病気によっても生じ,前者を筋原性筋萎縮myogenic muscular atrophyといい,後者を神経原性筋萎縮neurogenic muscular atrophyという。また,運動をすると筋肉がよく発達して太くなることはよく知られているが,逆に筋肉を長い期間使わないでいると萎縮が生ずる。… ※「筋原性筋萎縮」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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