Born: January 8, 1632 in Dorfchemnitz Died October 13, 1694. German jurist in Berlin. He became the first professor of natural law at the University of Heidelberg, and then at the University of Lund in Sweden. He established the system of continental natural law in his major work, De Jure Naturae et Gentium (1672). His natural law is in many ways a compromise between Hobbes and Grotius, and he argued that social cohesion is inherent in the state of nature, that a contract of union is required prior to a contract of obedience, and that political society is a moral entity. His natural law influenced European political thought as a standard from the late 17th century to the 18th century. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1632.1.8. ドルフケムニッツ [没]1694.10.13. ベルリン ドイツの法学者。ハイデルベルク大学で最初の自然法学の教授となり,次いでスウェーデンのルンド大学教授をつとめた。主著『自然法と万民法』 De Jure Naturae et Gentium (1672) で大陸自然法学の体系をつくった。彼の自然法学は多くの点で,ホッブズとグロティウスの折衷的性格をもち,自然状態に社会結合性が内在すること,服従契約以前に結合契約が要請されること,政治社会は道徳的存在であることを主張した。その自然法学は 17世紀後半から 18世紀にいたるまで,ヨーロッパの政治思想に対し一つのスタンダードとしての影響を与えた。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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