Emergency unemployment countermeasures project - Kinkyuushitsugyo Taisakujigyo

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[Japan's employment policy]
In Japan, the topic of full employment policy started to be discussed after the Second World War. In 1955, when it was said that the postwar period was over, the unemployment rate was only 2.5%. However, in 1952, the Unemployment Measures Council pointed out in its Survey Report on Potential Unemployment that 29.9% of the total number of employed people were potential unemployed. The first nationwide survey of protected persons in 1957 showed that the household protection rate was 25.7‰, and the majority of these were households in which the head of the household was working. Therefore, unemployment measures were centered on emergency unemployment measures (started in 1955), and the number of employed people reached 350,000 in 1960. In this situation, the Employment Council's Report No. 2 recommended that "as a step before reaching a state of full employment, the policy goal should be to reach an employment state in which the unemployment rate can directly indicate the actual state of unemployment or employment, and therefore in which modern employment policies can be effectively implemented," marking the beginning of the shift from unemployment policy to employment policy.

*Some of the terms used in relation to the "Emergency Unemployment Measures Project" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

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【日本の雇用政策】
　日本で完全雇用政策が話題になりはじめたのは第2次大戦後であるが，〈戦後は終わった〉といわれた1955年の失業率は2.5％にすぎなかったが，52年失業対策審議会は〈潜在失業に関する調査報告書〉で就業者総数の29.9％が潜在失業者であると指摘し，57年第1回被保護者全国一斉調査は世帯保護率25.7‰，その中の過半数が世帯主が働いている世帯であることを示した。したがって失業対策も緊急失業対策事業(1955開始)が中心で，その就労者数が60年35万に達した。こういう状況のなかで，雇用審議会答申第2号は，〈完全雇用状態に達する前段階として，失業率が端的に失業ないし雇用の実勢をしめしうるような，したがって近代的雇用政策が有効に展開されるような就業状態に達することをもって，政策の目標とすべきである〉と答申し，失業政策から雇用政策への転換の端緒がつくられた。…

※「緊急失業対策事業」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報