Hemorrhoids - Hemorrhoids

Japanese: きれ痔 - きれじ

…In the West, Saint Fiacre of France is famous as the patron saint of various diseases, especially hemorrhoids, and it is said that Louis XIV prayed for healing. Hemorrhoids include the commonly known hemorrhoids (piles), anal fissures, and anal fistulas, but medically these are completely separate diseases. In the strict sense, hemorrhoids is often used as a synonym for hemorrhoids, so here we will write about hemorrhoids and leave the other two to their respective articles. …

From [Anal fissure]

…This refers to a condition in which a vertical crack appears in the anal canal (the area from the lower rectum to the anal edge). It is commonly called a "fissure," but medically it is a different disease from "hemorrhoids." The cause is unclear, but possible causes include excessive stretching of the anus due to hard stool, chronic diarrhea, long-term use of laxatives, and trauma during childbirth.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "hemorrhoids" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…西洋では，フランスの聖フィアクルSaint Fiacreが諸病とくに痔の守護聖人として有名で，ルイ14世も治癒祈願をしたといわれる。　痔には俗にいういぼ痔(痔核)hemorrhoids,piles，きれ痔(痔裂，裂肛)anal fissure，あな痔(痔瘻（じろう）)anal fistulaなどが含まれるが，医学上これらはまったく別個の疾患である。また狭義には痔は痔核の同意語として用いられることが多いので，ここでは痔核について記述し，他の二つはそれぞれの項目にゆずる。…