This is the amount of a drug prescribed by the Pharmacopoeia to prevent the danger of overdosing on poisons, toxic drugs, and medicines with particularly severe side effects. It is different from the toxic amount or the lethal amount. There are two ways of looking at it: the amount that is dangerous if administered above that amount, and the maximum amount that should not be used beyond that amount, so to speak, the caution amount. The International Pharmacopoeia takes the former view, while the Japanese Pharmacopoeia takes the latter view. Therefore, the maximum amount is not the same for each drug. Usually, the single dose and daily amount for adults are set, and the method of administration is written, especially in the case of injection or rectal administration. If a doctor or dentist prescribes more than that amount, they must clearly indicate the amount of the drug on the prescription as a warning sign. Therefore, when a pharmacist dispenses a drug, if there is a warning sign, it can be assumed that the doctor prescribed it with the overdosage in mind, and if there is no warning sign, they must always inquire with the prescribing doctor and obtain confirmation of the prescription before dispensing. [Fumiji Koho] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
毒薬、劇薬および副作用のとくに著しい医薬品に対して、過量に用いる危険を防止するために薬局方で制定した薬物の量のことで、中毒量とも致死量とも異なる。それ以上投与すると危険である量という見方と、その量を超えて用いない安全量の最大量といういわば警戒量という見方の2種がある。国際薬局方は前者、日本薬局方では後者の見方をとっている。したがって、個々の薬物について極量は同一でない。通常、大人の内服での1回量および1日量が定められており、とくに注射や直腸内投与などの場合には投与法が記されている。医師または歯科医師がその量を超えて処方する場合には、処方箋(せん)中の医薬品分量に注意標である「!」を明記しなければならない。したがって、薬剤師が調剤するとき、薬品の用量が極量を超えている場合、注意標がついていれば医師がその過量を意識して処方したとみてよく、もし注意標がついていなければ、かならず処方医に照会して、処方の確認を得たあとでなければ調剤してはならない。 [幸保文治] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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