...In such cases, the binding of the biological components to the toxic substance is temporary, and the damage is often reversible, but the binding of certain chemicals is irreversible, and the damage to the organism lasts for a long time and can cause serious changes. When the toxicity of a chemical is limited to the area of contact with the organism, it is called local toxicity, and when it is absorbed from that area and causes damage to the entire body (systemic toxicity), or when damage is limited to a specific organ (such as liver or kidney toxins), it is called organ toxicity. The damage can take various forms, such as irritation, inflammation, necrosis, and tumor formation, but even when the same substance acts on the organism, the manifestation and degree of toxicity can vary greatly depending on various conditions. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "local toxicity" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…このような場合の生体成分と毒性発現物質の結合は一過性で,障害も可逆的であることが多いが,ある特定の化学物質の結合は不可逆性のもので,生体の障害も長期間にわたり,また重大な変化を起こす場合もみられる。 化学物質による毒性発現は,生体と接触した部位に限られるものを局所毒性といい,さらにその部位から吸収されて全身に及ぶ障害を現すこと(全身毒性)があり,また特定の器官に限って障害が現れる場合(肝臓毒や腎臓毒など)は臓器毒性を現すという。その障害は,刺激,炎症,壊死や腫瘍形成などさまざまな形をとるが,同じ物質が生体に作用しても,いろいろな条件で,その毒性発現や程度は大きく左右される。… ※「局所毒性」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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