Aberdeen (English spelling)

Japanese: アバディーン（英語表記）Aberdeen

A city in the northeast of Scotland, United Kingdom. A unitary authority (council area). The capital of the former Aberdeenshire county. The seat of Aberdeenshire's government. In 1975, it became the capital and a district of the Grampian county, and in 1996, it became a unitary authority. Most of it belongs to the former Aberdeenshire county, but part of the south belongs to the former Kincardineshire county. It is a port city on the North Sea, straddling the mouths of the Dee and Don rivers. Most of the city's buildings are made of granite, and it is called the "granite city." It has a history dating back to the 12th century, and was granted a royal charter by William the Lionheart around 1179, and developed as a trading center. In 1336, it was attacked by King Edward III of England and burned down, but was soon rebuilt and the city center expanded, and a new city center was built on the south bank of the Don river to the north. It came to be called New Aberdeen to distinguish it from the city that had developed around the cathedral since the 6th century. During the English Civil War in the mid-17th century, Aberdeen was plundered by both Parliamentarians and Royalists, but continued to develop after that, and the city area expanded from the early 19th century, merging with Old Aberdeen in 1891. The estuary at the mouth of the River Dee is a good natural harbor, and the port facilities are constantly being renovated, expanded, and modernized. As the main port in northern Scotland, it is a bustling trade port with Scandinavia and the Baltic Sea. After the development of trawl fishing using steam and diesel engines, it became Scotland's No. 1 fishing port, but in recent years, industries related to the North Sea oil fields have become increasingly important. In addition to the chemical and fertilizer industries, it is the largest granite producing area in the UK. Tourism has also developed. Since the 1970s, with the development of the North Sea oil fields, Aberdeen has become the most economically active port in Scotland, and has become a center of oil-related industries, construction, and finance. The University of Aberdeen was established in 1860 by the merger of King's College, Old Aberdeen (1495) and Marshall College, New Aberdeen (1593). Area: 184 ^km2 . Population: 206,880 (2006 estimate).

Aberdeen
Aberdeen

Hong Kong Chai is also called Hong Kong Chai and written as Hong Kong Tsai in Chinese. It is a port area on the western south coast of Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong. It is located in a quiet cove protected by an island offshore, and is said to have been a base for pirates in the past. Small boats called sampans are moored here, and the Dan people live on the water. Most of the people are engaged in fishing and transportation, and sell seafood to tourists. Ocean Park, completed in 1978, is the world's largest underwater park. On the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar, a dragon boat race is held, attracting many spectators.

Aberdeen
Aberdeen

A city in northeastern South Dakota, USA. Founded in 1880 as a railroad junction. Today it is a financial and commercial center with an agricultural and dairy hinterland. There is also some light industry. Population 24,927 (1990).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

イギリス，スコットランド北東部の都市。単一自治体（カウンシルエリア council area）。旧アバディーンシャー県の県都。アバディーンシャーの行政府所在地。1975年の自治体再編でグランピアン県の県都および一地区となり，1996年に単一自治体となった。大部分が旧アバディーンシャー県に属するが，南部の一部は旧キンカーディンシャー県に属する。北海に臨む港湾都市で，ディー川とドン川の河口にまたがって位置する。市の建物の大部分が花崗岩でできており，「花崗岩の都市」と呼ばれる。12世紀にさかのぼる歴史をもつ町で，1179年頃獅子王ウィリアムによって勅許状を与えられ，交易中心地として発展。1336年イングランド王エドワード3世の攻撃を受け，町は焼き払われたが，まもなく再建され，市街も拡大，北のドン川南岸に 6世紀以来大聖堂を中心に発展していた町と区別するため，ニューアバディーンと呼ばれるようになった。17世紀半ばのイングランドの内戦時には議会派，国王派双方により略奪されたが，その後も発展を続け，19世紀初め頃から市域も拡大，1891年にはオールドアバディーンを合併した。ディー川河口の三角江（→エスチュアリー）は天然の良港をなし，港湾施設は絶えず改修，拡張，近代化され，スコットランド北部の主要港として，スカンジナビアやバルト海方面との貿易が盛ん。また蒸気機関やディーゼル機関によるトロール漁業が発展してからはスコットランド第一の漁港となったが，近年は北海油田の関連産業が比重を増している。化学，肥料などの工業が立地するほか，イギリス最大の花崗岩産出地となっている。観光業も発展。1970年代以降，北海油田の開発とともにスコットランドで最も経済活動が活発になり，石油関連工業，建設，金融の中心地となった。アバディーン大学はオールドアバディーンのキングズ・カレッジ（1495）とニューアバディーンのマーシャル・カレッジ（1593）が 1860年合併して成立。面積 184km²。人口 20万6880（2006推計）。

アバディーン
Aberdeen

ホンコンチャイ Hong Kong Chaiともいい，中国語では香港仔と書く。ホンコンのホンコン島南岸西部にある港湾地域。沖合いを島に守られた静かな入江にあり，古くは海賊が根拠地としたといわれる。サンパンと呼ばれる小舟が停泊し，蛋民 (たんみん) が水上生活を営む。ほとんどが漁業，運送業に従事し，観光客を相手に魚介類を商う。 1978年に完成したオーシャン公園は，海中公園として世界最大。旧暦5月5日にはドラゴン・ボート・レース (竜舟賽) が行われ，見物客が多い。