An audit of the status of business activities such as purchasing, production, and sales. It is conducted by an internal auditor to verify whether a company's business activities are consistent with its business objectives. There are two types of operational audits: internal audits conducted by the aforementioned internal auditors, and audits conducted by auditors to check whether the business activities of directors violate laws, regulations, and the articles of incorporation. The purpose of an internal audit is to help an organization effectively achieve its business goals, and it is said to consist of auditing and diagnostic work that examines and evaluates the status of business activities from the perspective of legality and rationality from a fair and independent standpoint, and provides opinions based on this (Internal Audit Standards of the Japan Institute of Internal Auditors). In addition, the Japanese Company Law stipulates that, in principle, it is optional for a corporation to appoint an auditor (Article 326, Paragraph 2 of the Company Law), but that auditors must conduct operational audits, including accounting audits of the company (Article 381, Paragraph 1 of the same law). The main purpose of an internal audit is to determine the "legality" of whether the business activities of directors and others comply with laws, regulations, and the articles of incorporation. [Yoshito Nakamura] [Reference] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
購買、生産、販売などの経営諸活動の遂行状況に対する監査。企業の経営諸活動が、経営目的と合致しているかどうかについて、内部の監査人によって検証するものである。業務監査は、前記の内部監査人によって行われる内部監査と、取締役の行う業務執行が法令・定款に違反していないかどうかを調べる監査役監査がある。内部監査は、組織体の経営目標の効果的な達成に役だつことを目的として、合法性と合理性の観点から公正かつ独立の立場で、経営諸活動の遂行状況を検討・評価し、これに基づいて意見を述べる監査業務と診断業務からなるとされている(日本内部監査協会「内部監査基準」)。また、日本の会社法は、原則として株式会社には監査役を設置するかどうかは任意である(会社法326条2項)が、監査役は会社の会計監査を含む業務監査を行う(同法381条1項)こととしている。そのおもな内容は、取締役などの業務執行が法令および定款に適合しているか否かの「適法性」を判断することにあるとされている。 [中村義人] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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