National People's Congress - kokuminsanseikai (English: Guo-min-can-zheng-hui)

Japanese: 国民参政会 - こくみんさんせいかい（英語表記）Guo-min-can-zheng-hui

The highest advisory body for the leadership of the war against Japan, established based on the resolution of the founding platform of the war of resistance at the Provisional National Congress of the Kuomintang held at the end of March 1938. It held 13 meetings between July 1938 and June 1947, and 200 members selected by the Kuomintang participated in the first 1st Session in Hankou. The majority of the members were Kuomintang members, but leaders from various fields, including representatives of the Chinese Communist Party such as Mao Zedong and Qin Bangxian, and other representatives of the National Salvation Association such as Shen Junru, also participated. By making prior decisions on important domestic and international government policies, submitting proposals and questions to the government, the body reflected public opinion widely, and for a time, momentum for a new war of resistance was overflowing nationwide. At first, it was welcomed as the first organ of public opinion under the dictatorship of the Kuomintang, but as signs of compromise with Japan and anti-communism gradually emerged among the upper echelons of the party, it became an organ of favor for the party and lost its function as an advisory body. In July 1947, all Communist Party of China council members were expelled, and the party was dissolved just before the National Assembly was held in March 1948.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

1938年3月末の中国国民党臨時全国代表大会の抗戦建国綱領決議に基づいてつくられた抗日戦指導の最高諮問機関。 38年7月～47年6月，13回にわたって会議を開いたが，漢口での第1期第1次参政会には，国民党の選任による 200名が参加した。国民党員が大多数を占めたが，中国共産党からも毛沢東，秦邦憲らの代表，その他沈鈞儒ら救国会代表など，各界指導者が参加した。政府の内外重要施策の事前決議，政府に対する建議案，質問案の提出などにより，広く世論が反映され，一時全国的に新しい抗戦の機運がみなぎった。当初は国民党独裁下における最初の民意機関として歓迎されたが党上層部に対日妥協と反共の気配が次第に表面化するとともに党のお手盛り機関に堕し，諮問機関としての機能を喪失。 47年7月には中国共産党籍の参政員が除名されるに及び，48年3月の国民大会開催直前に解散した。

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