Bridge pier

Japanese: 橋脚 - きょうきゃく（英語表記）bridge pier

This refers to the piers that support the superstructure of a bridge. The weight (load) of the entire bridge is supported by the ground through the strong foundations of the piers. The structures at both ends of the bridge that act as piers to support the superstructure and also support the earth pressure from behind are called abutments. The piers, abutments, and foundations are collectively called the bridge substructure, and although most of them are usually inconspicuous, hidden underground or underwater, they are important structures that support the entire bridge.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

橋梁の上部構造を支える脚をいう。橋脚はさらに強固な基礎工 foundationを通じて，橋梁全体の重さ (荷重) が地盤で支えられる。橋梁の両端にあって，上部工を支える橋脚の働きをするとともに，その背後からの土圧をも支えるものを特に橋台 abutmentと呼ぶ。橋脚，橋台，基礎工をまとめて橋梁下部構造と呼び，普通は，そのほとんどの部分が土中あるいは水中に隠された目立たない存在となっているが，これらは橋梁全体を支える重要な構造物である。

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