Windbreak forest - Kazeyokebayashi

Japanese: 風除林 - かぜよけばやし

...For public reasons, windbreak forests are designated when they are particularly needed. The effectiveness of forests in blocking wind has long been known, and so forests have been created as windbreak forests. For example, in Kobuchizawa, Yamanashi Prefecture, pine trees were planted as windbreak forests in 1697 (Genroku 10), and the village ordinance stipulates that they be managed jointly by the entire village.

From [Mori]

…In the past, the terms “mountain” and “forest” were used more frequently than “mori” (forest). In the early modern period, forests managed by feudal domains were called “ohayashi” (imperial forest) or “oyama” (imperial mountain), while forests used by villagers were called “muramochiyama” (village forest) or “gobayashi” (village forest). Watershed forests were called “mizubayashi” (water forest) or “tayama” (field mountain), and coastal windbreak and sand-prevention forests were called “kazeyokebayashi” (windbreak forest) or “sunadomeyama” (sand-retaining mountain). After the Meiji period, the use of “mori” for the translation of foreign words, such as Wald (German) and wood, began to be seen. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "windbreak forests" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…公共的な立場から，とくに必要とするときには防風保安林が指定される。森林が風を防ぐ効果があることは古くから知られており，風除林（かぜよけばやし）として作られてきた。例えば，山梨県小淵沢では1697年(元禄10)にマツを風除林として植えつけ，村中共同して管理することが村定（むらさだめ）に示されている。…

【森】より

…かつては〈森〉よりも〈山〉〈林〉の用語が多用され，近世各藩の管理する森林は〈御林（おはやし）〉〈御山（おやま）〉であり，村民が利用する森林は〈村持山（むらもちやま）〉〈郷林（ごうばやし）〉であった。また水源涵養（かんよう）林は〈水林（みずばやし）〉とか〈田山（たやま）〉と呼ばれ，海岸の防風･防砂林は〈風除林（かぜよけばやし）〉とか〈砂留山（すなどめやま）〉と呼ばれていた。明治期以後に外国語の訳語としてWald(ドイツ語)，woodに〈森〉をあてたのが見られるようになった。…

※「風除林」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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