Kiji

(1) The Kii no Kuni no Miyatsuko family. According to the Kuni no Miyatsuko Hongi (Chronicles of the Provinces where the Emperor was born), this family was a divine clan that began with Ameno Michinenomikoto, the fifth generation descendant of Kanmusuhi no Mikoto. For generations, they held the position of chief priest of Hinokuma and Kunikakasu Shrines, and the title of Nagusa County. They took the surname Atai, and later Sukune. In the mid-Heian period, Kino Ason Yukiyoshi married into the family and became an imperial clan. In the late Edo period, Asukai Mifuyu was adopted and became a Fujiwara clan. In the Meiji period, they were granted the title of baron.

(2) A clan of imperial descendants of Kinotsunosukune, the son of Takeuchi no Sukune, the grandson (or great-grandson) of Emperor Kōgen. They were the descendants of the Ki clan through a connection with Kagehime, the daughter of Takeuchi's mother Kinokuni no Miyatsuko. The Kojiki and other records say they were of the same clan as the powerful clans of Katsuragi, Heguri, Soga, and Kose. They were one of the most powerful clans in ancient times, and the Nihon Shoki records the exploits of Oyumi, his son Oiwa, and Omaro in Korea. They controlled their base in Kii and the various branches along the Seto Inland Sea coast to secure the sea routes, and were actively involved in the management of Korea by the Yamato government. After the Taika era, the family continued to produce many high-ranking officials, including Ushi, Maro, Iimaro, Hirozumi, Kosami, and Funamori, but after Haseo, its influence gradually declined, and later it began to produce mainly scholars and writers, dropping out of politics altogether.

[Hiromichi Mayuzumi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

(1)紀伊国造(きいのくにのみやつこ)家。『国造本紀(こくぞうほんぎ)』によれば神皇産霊尊(かんむすひのみこと)5世孫天道根命(あめのみちねのみこと)に始まる神別氏で、代々日前(ひのくま)・国懸(くにかかす)神社の神主と、名草郡領(なぐさぐんりょう)を世襲した。直(あたい)姓のち宿禰(すくね)姓。平安中期紀朝臣(きのあそん)行義が入婿して皇別氏となり、江戸末期飛鳥井三冬(あすかいみふゆ)が養子となって藤原氏となった。明治に至り男爵を授けられた。

(2)孝元(こうげん)天皇の孫（曽孫(そうそん)とも）武内宿禰(たけしうちのすくね)の子木角宿禰(きのつののすくね)の後と称する皇別氏で、武内の母木国造(きのくにのみやつこ)の女(むすめ)影媛(かげひめ)の縁故によって木（紀）氏を冒したもの。『古事記』などに葛城(かずらき)・平群(へぐり)・蘇我(そが)・巨勢(こせ)などの雄族と同族と伝える。古代屈指の豪族で、『日本書紀』に小弓(おゆみ)、その子大磐(おおいわ)、男麻呂(おまろ)らの朝鮮での活躍が伝えられ、本拠紀伊と瀬戸内沿岸各地の支族を掌握して海路を確保し、大和(やまと)政権の朝鮮経営に積極的に関与した。大化以後も大人(うし)・麻呂(まろ)・飯麻呂(いいまろ)・広純(ひろずみ)・古佐美(こさみ)・船守(ふなもり)など多くの高官を出したが、長谷雄(はせお)以後はしだいに衰え、のちにはもっぱら学者・文人を出すようになって政界から脱落した。

［黛　弘道］

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