Marbode

Japanese: Marbode
Marbode

… Not only Greek and Roman naturalists such as Aristotle, Theophrastus, Dioscorides, Pliny, and Solius, but also Christian clergymen of the Middle Ages believed in the therapeutic and magical properties of these gemstones. Among these clergymen, the ones who are especially famous for their writings on gemstones are Archbishop Isidore of Seville (7th century), Bishop Marbode of Rennes (11th century), Saint Hildegard of Bingen (12th century), and Albertus Magnus (13th century). As Huizinga and E. Maar have repeatedly stated, the Middle Ages interpreted everything in nature symbolically, and so gemstones, like animals in bestiaries, were each assigned their own symbol. …

From [Ruby]

…Recently, new single crystal growth methods such as the frack method and hydrothermal method have been developed in various countries, and they have produced stones that are close to natural rubies, making it increasingly difficult to distinguish between natural and synthetic stones. [Akira Chikayama]
[Tradition]
According to the Book of Precious Stones (11th century) by Marbode, Bishop of Rennes, France, there is a reddish eye in the center of the dragon's forehead, called "Carbunculus" (Latin for "little coal fire"). Carbunculus emits a redder, more fiery light than any other gemstone, and no darkness can extinguish this brilliant light.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Marbode" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… アリストテレス,テオフラストス,ディオスコリデス,プリニウス,ソリヌスなどといった古代ギリシア・ローマの博物学者ばかりでなく,中世のキリスト教の聖職者たちも,こうした宝石の治療効果や魔術的効能を信じていた。それらの聖職者のなかで,とくに宝石に関する著述によって名高いのはセビリャの大司教イシドルス(7世紀),レンヌの司教マルボードMarbode(11世紀),ビンゲンの聖女ヒルデガルト(12世紀),それにアルベルトゥス・マグヌス(13世紀)らである。ホイジンガやÉ.マールが再三述べているように,中世人は自然界の万物を象徴によって解釈していたから,動物誌のなかの動物と同じく,宝石にもそれぞれ独特の象徴が付随していた。…

【ルビー】より

…最近では各国でフラック法や熱水法による新しい単結晶成長法によって製造されるようになり,天然ルビーに近いものができるようになったため,天然石と合成石との鑑別にますます困難さを加えるようになっている。【近山 晶】
[伝承]
 フランスのレンヌの司教マルボードMarbodeの《宝石の書》(11世紀)によると,ドラゴンの額のまんなかには赤味を帯びた一個の目があって,〈カルブンクルスcarbunculus〉(ラテン語で〈小さな炭火〉の意)と呼ばれている。カルブンクルスはどんな宝石よりも赤い燃えるような光を放っていて,いかなる闇をもってしても,この晃(こう)々たる光を消すことはできない。…

※「Marbode」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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